DharmaPragya
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga)
Containing 55 sacred Sanskrit shlokas with multi-author commentaries and translations.
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 1
Verse 1 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अर्जुन उवाच मदनुग्रहाय परमं गुह्यमध्यात्मसंज्ञितम्। यत्त्वयोक्तं वचस्तेन मोहोऽयं विगतो मम।।11.1।।
TRANSLITERATION
arjuna uvācha mad-anugrahāya paramaṁ guhyam adhyātma-sanjñitam yat tvayoktaṁ vachas tena moho ’yaṁ vigato mama
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Arjuna said, "To show favor to me, You have told me that most profound mystery concerning the Self; by that, this delusion of mine has been dispelled.""
"Arjuna said, "This delusion of mine has departed as a result of that speech which is most secret and pertains to the Self, uttered by You for my benefit.""
"Arjuna said, By this explanation of the highest secret concerning the Self which Thou hast spoken, for the sake of blessing me, my delusion has been dispelled."
"Arjuna said, "My delusion has completely gone, thanks to the great and mysterious discourse, which is termed as a science governing the soul, and which You have delivered to me as a favor.""
"Arjuna said: My Lord! Your words concerning the Supreme Secret of Self, given for my blessing, have dispelled the illusions that surrounded me."
"11.1 मदनुग्रहाय for the sake of blessing me? परमम् the highest? गुह्यम् the secret? अध्यात्मसंज्ञितम् called Adhyatma? यत् which? त्वया by Thee? उक्तम् spoken? वचः word? तेन by that? मोहः delusion? अयम् this? विगतः gone? मम my.Commentary After hearing the glories of the Lord? Arjuna has an intense longing to have the wonderful vision of the Cosmic Form with his own eyes. His bewilderment and delusion have now vanished.Adhyatma That which treats of the discrimination between the Self and the notSelf metaphysics.I was worried about the sin involved in killing my relations and preceptors. I had the ideas? I am the agent in killing them they are to be killed by me.This delusion has vanished now after receiving Thy most profound and valuable instructions. Thou hast dispelled this delusion of ignorance from me.The vision of the Cosmic Form is not the ultimate goal. If that were so? the Gita would have ended with this chapter. The vision of the Cosmic Form is also one more in a series of graded experiences. It is a terrible experience too. That is the reason why Arjuna said to the Lord? stammering with fear What an awful form Thou hast I have seen that which none hath seen before. My heart is glad? yet faileth me on account of fear. Show me? O God? Thine other form again. O God of gods? support of all the worlds? let me see Thy form with the diadem? and with the mace and discus in Thy hands. Again I wish to see Thee as before assume Thy fourarmed form? O Lord of thousand arms and of forms innumerable.Arjuna heard the Lords statement? viz.? Having pervaded this whole universe with one fragment of Myself? I remain. This induced him to have the vision of the Lords Cosmic Form. He says? O Lord of compassion? Thou hast taught me the spiritual wisdom which can hardly be found in the Vedas. Thou hast saved me. My delusion has disappeared. Thou hast disclosed to me the nature of the Supreme Self? the secrets of Nature and Thy divine glories. My greatest ambition at the present moment is that I should behold with my own eyes Thy entire Cosmic Form."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 2
Verse 2 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
भवाप्ययौ हि भूतानां श्रुतौ विस्तरशो मया। त्वत्तः कमलपत्राक्ष माहात्म्यमपि चाव्ययम्।।11.2।।
TRANSLITERATION
bhavāpyayau hi bhūtānāṁ śhrutau vistaraśho mayā tvattaḥ kamala-patrākṣha māhātmyam api chāvyayam
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"O Krsna, I have heard in detail about the origin and dissolution of all beings, which come from You, as well as Your immutable greatness."
"O you with eyes like lotus leaves, I have heard in detail from You the origin and dissolution of beings, as well as Your undecaying glory."
"The origin and destruction of beings have been heard in detail from You, O lotus-eyed Lord, and also Your inexhaustible greatness."
"I have listened in detail from You, O Lotus-eyed One, about the origin and dissolution of beings, as well as Your inexhaustible greatness."
"O Lord, whose eyes are like the lotus petal! You have described in detail the origin and dissolution of beings, and Your own Eternal Majesty."
"11.2 भवाप्ययौ the origin and the dissolution? हि indeed? भूतानाम् of beings? श्रुतौ hav been heard? विस्तरशः in detail? मया by me? त्वत्तः from Thee? कमलपत्राक्ष O lotuseyed? माहात्म्यम् greatness? अपि also? च and? अव्ययम् inexhaustible.Commentary Kamalapatraksha Lotuseyed or having eyes like lotuspetals. Kamalapatra also means knowledge of the Self. He who can be obtained by knowledge of the Self is Kamalapatraksha."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 3
Verse 3 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
एवमेतद्यथात्थ त्वमात्मानं परमेश्वर। द्रष्टुमिच्छामि ते रूपमैश्वरं पुरुषोत्तम।।11.3।।
TRANSLITERATION
evam etad yathāttha tvam ātmānaṁ parameśhvara draṣhṭum ichchhāmi te rūpam aiśhwaraṁ puruṣhottama
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"O Supreme Lord, as You have described Yourself, so You are. I wish to behold Your divine form, O Supreme Person."
"O Supreme Lord, so it is, as You have spoken of Yourself. O Supreme Person, I wish to behold Your divine form."
"Now, O Supreme Lord, as Thou hast thus described Thyself, O Supreme Person, I wish to behold Thy divine form."
"As You describe Yourself to be the Supreme Lord, it must be so. O Supreme Self, I desire to behold Your divine form."
"I believe all as you have declared it. I now long to have a vision of your divine form, O Most High!"
"11.3 एवम् thus? एतत् this? यथा as? आत्थ hast declared? त्वम् Thou? आत्मानम् Thyself? परमेश्वर O Supreme Lord? द्रष्टुम् to see? इच्छामि (I) desire? ते Thy? रूपम् form? ऐश्वरम् sovereign? पुरुषोत्तम O Supreme Purusha.Commentary Some commentators take the two halves of this verse as two independent sentences and interpret it thusSo it is? O Supreme Lord? as Thou hast declared Thyself to be. (But still) I desire to see Thy form as Isvara? O Supreme Person.Rupamaisvaram Thy form as Isvara? that of Vishnu as possessed of infinite knowledge? sovereignty? power? strength? prowess and splendour."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 4
Verse 4 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
मन्यसे यदि तच्छक्यं मया द्रष्टुमिति प्रभो। योगेश्वर ततो मे त्वं दर्शयाऽत्मानमव्ययम्।।11.4।।
TRANSLITERATION
manyase yadi tach chhakyaṁ mayā draṣhṭum iti prabho yogeśhvara tato me tvaṁ darśhayātmānam avyayam
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"If you think, O Lord, that it can be seen by me, then, O Lord of Yoga, reveal Yourself fully to me."
"O Lord, if You deem it possible for me to behold You, then, O Lord of Yoga, show me Your eternal Self."
"If Thou, O Lord, thinkest it possible for me to see it, do Thou, then, O Lord of the Yogis, show me Thy imperishable Self."
"O Master! If you think it is possible for me to behold that form, then, O Lord of the Yogis, please show me Your Immortal Self."
"If you think it is possible for me to see it, show me, O Lord of Lords, your eternal self."
"11.4 मन्यसे Thou thinkest? यदि if? तत् that? शक्यम् possible? मया by me? द्रष्टुम् to see? इति thus? प्रभो O Lord? योगेश्वर O Lord of Yogins? ततः then? मे me? त्वम् Thou? दर्शय show? आत्मानम् (Thy) Self? अव्ययम् imperishable.Commentary Arjuna is very keen and eager to see the Cosmic Form of the Lord. He prays to Him to grant him the vision. This supreme vision can be obtained only through His grace.Yogesvara also means the Lord of Yoga. A Yogi is one who is endowed with the eight psychic powers (Siddhis). The Lord of the Yogins is Yogesvara. And? Yoga is identity of the individual soul with the Absolute. He who is able to bestow this realisation of identity on the deserving spiritual aspirant is Yogesvara.He Who is able to create? preserve? destroy? veil and graciously release is the Lord. (These five actions? Panchakriyas? are known respectively as Srishti? Sthiti? Samhara? Tirodhana and Anugraha.)"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 5
Verse 5 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
श्री भगवानुवाच पश्य मे पार्थ रूपाणि शतशोऽथ सहस्रशः। नानाविधानि दिव्यानि नानावर्णाकृतीनि च।।11.5।।
TRANSLITERATION
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha paśhya me pārtha rūpāṇi śhataśho ’tha sahasraśhaḥ nānā-vidhāni divyāni nānā-varṇākṛitīni cha
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"The Lord said, "Behold, O Arjuna, My forms, hundreds upon thousands, manifold, divine, varied in hue and shape.""
"The Blessed Lord said, "O son of Prtha, behold My forms in their hundreds and thousands, of different kinds, celestial, and of various colors and shapes.""
"The Blessed Lord said, "Behold, O Arjuna, forms of Mine, by the hundreds and thousands, of different sorts, divine, and of various colors and shapes.""
"The Bhagavat said, "Behold, O son of Prtha, My divine forms in hundreds and thousands, of varied nature, colors, and shapes.""
"Lord Shri Krishna replied: "Behold, O Arjuna! My celestial forms, by the hundreds and thousands, various in kind, color, and shape.""
"11.5 पश्य behold? मे My? पार्थ O Partha? रूपाणि forms? शतशः by hundreds? अथ and? सहस्रशः by thousands? नानाविधानि of different sorts? दिव्यानि divine? नानावर्णाकृतीनि of various colours and shapes? च and.Commentary Divyani Divine supernatural.Satasah? Sahasrasah By the hundreds and thousands -- countless.O Arjuna? I want you to behold the Cosmic Form. All beings and entities are there. The fat and the lean? the short and the tall? the red and the black? the active and the passive? the rich and the poor? the intelligent and the dull? the healthy and the sick? the noisy and the silent? those that are awake? those that are asleep? the beautiful and the ugly? and all grades of beings with their distinctive marks are all there. The blueness of the sky? the yellowness of the silk? the redness of the twilight? the blackness of the coal? the whiteness of the snow? and the greenness of the leaves will be seen by you. You will also behold the objects of various shapes."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 6
Verse 6 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
पश्यादित्यान्वसून्रुद्रानश्िवनौ मरुतस्तथा। बहून्यदृष्टपूर्वाणि पश्याऽश्चर्याणि भारत।।11.6।।
TRANSLITERATION
paśhyādityān vasūn rudrān aśhvinau marutas tathā bahūny adṛiṣhṭa-pūrvāṇi paśhyāśhcharyāṇi bhārata
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Behold, O Arjuna, the Adityas, the Vasus, the Rudras, the two Asvins, and the Maruts—many marvels never seen before."
"Behold the Adityas, the Vasus, the Rudras, the two Ashvins, and the Maruts. O scion of the Bharata dynasty, also behold the many wonders that have never been seen before."
"Behold the Adityas, the Vasus, the Rudras, the two Asvins, and the Maruts; behold many wonders never before seen, O Arjuna."
"Behold the Adityas, the Vasus, the Rudras, the twin Ashvins, and the Maruts; O son of Pandu, behold also many wonders that had never been seen before."
"Behold, thou seest the powers of Nature: fire, earth, wind, and sky; the sun, the heavens, the moon, the stars; all forces of vitality and healing; and the roving winds. Behold, thou seest the myriad wonders revealed to none but thee."
"11.6 पश्य behold? आदित्यान् the Adityas? वसून् the Vasus? रुद्रान् the Rudras? अश्िवनौ the (two) Asvins? मरुतः the Maruts? तथा also? बहूनि many? अदृष्टपूर्वाणि never seen before? पश्य see? आश्चर्याणि wonders? भारत O Bharata.Commentary Adityas? Vasus? Rudras and Maruts have already been described in the previous chapter.Not these alone Behold also many other wonders never seen before by you or anybody else in this world."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 7
Verse 7 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
इहैकस्थं जगत्कृत्स्नं पश्याद्य सचराचरम्। मम देहे गुडाकेश यच्चान्यद्द्रष्टुमिच्छसि।।11.7।।
TRANSLITERATION
ihaika-sthaṁ jagat kṛitsnaṁ paśhyādya sa-charācharam mama dehe guḍākeśha yach chānyad draṣhṭum ichchhasi
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Behold here, O Arjuna, the entire universe with its mobile and immobile things, all centered in My body, and whatever else you desire to see."
"See now, O Gudakesa, the entire Universe together with the moving and the non-moving, concentrated in the same place here in My body, as also whatever else you would like to see."
"Now, behold, O Arjuna, in this My body, the entire universe centered in one, including the moving and the unmoving, and whatever else you desire to see."
"Now, behold the entire universe, including the moving and the unmoving, and whatsoever else you desire to see—all established in Me, O Gudakesa (Arjuna)!"
"Here, living in Me, O Arjuna, behold the entire universe, both movable and immovable, and anything else you would like to see!"
"11.7 इह in this? एकस्थम् centred in one? जगत् the universe? कृत्स्नम् whole? पश्य behold? अद्य now? सचराचरम् with the moving and the unmoving? मम My? देहे in body? गुडाकेश O Gudakesa? यत् whatever? च and? अन्यत् other? द्रष्टुम् to see? इच्छसि (thou) desirest.Commentary Anyat Other whatever else. Your success or defeat in the war? about which you,have entertained a doubt. (Cf.II.6)"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 8
Verse 8 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
न तु मां शक्यसे द्रष्टुमनेनैव स्वचक्षुषा। दिव्यं ददामि ते चक्षुः पश्य मे योगमैश्वरम्।।11.8।।
TRANSLITERATION
na tu māṁ śhakyase draṣhṭum anenaiva sva-chakṣhuṣhā divyaṁ dadāmi te chakṣhuḥ paśhya me yogam aiśhwaram
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"But you will not be able to see Me with your own eyes. I give you a divine eye, so behold My Lordly Yoga!"
"But you are not able to see Me with just this eye of yours. I grant you the divine eye; behold My divine Yoga."
"But you are not able to behold Me with these your own eyes; I give you the divine eye; behold My lordly Yoga."
"But you cannot see Me with just this eye of yours; therefore, I give you the divine eye. Now, behold My divine form."
"Yet, since you cannot see Me with mortal eyes, behold, I give you divine sight. Now, see the glory of My sovereignty."
"11.8 न not? तु but? माम् Me? शक्यसे (thou) canst? द्रष्टुम् to see? अनेन with this? एव even? स्वचक्षुषा with own eyes? दिव्यम् divine? ददामि (I) give? ते (to) thee? चक्षुः the eye? पश्य behold? मे My? योगम् Yoga? ऐश्वरम् lordly.Commentary No fleshly eyes can behold Me in My Cosmic Form. One can see It through the divine eye or the eye of intuition. It should not be confused with seeing through the eye or the mind. It is an inner experience.Lord Krishna says to Arjuna I give thee the divine eye? by which you will be able to behold My sovereign form. By it see My marvellous power of Yoga.Anena With this the fleshly eye or the physical eye? the earthly eye. (Cf.VII.25IX.5X.7)"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 9
Verse 9 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
सञ्जय उवाच एवमुक्त्वा ततो राजन्महायोगेश्वरो हरिः। दर्शयामास पार्थाय परमं रूपमैश्वरम्।।11.9।।
TRANSLITERATION
sañjaya uvācha evam uktvā tato rājan mahā-yogeśhvaro hariḥ darśhayām āsa pārthāya paramaṁ rūpam aiśhwaram
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Sanjaya said, "O King, having spoken, Sri Krishna, the great Lord of Yoga, then revealed to Arjuna the supreme, lordly form.""
"Sanjaya said, "O King, having spoken thus, thereafter, Hari, the great Master of Yoga, showed to the son of Prtha the supreme divine form.""
"Sanjaya said, Having thus spoken, O king, the great Lord of Yoga, Hari (Krishna), showed Arjuna His supreme form as the Lord."
"Sanjaya said, "O king! Having thus stated, Hari, the mighty Lord of the Yogins, showed to the son of Prtha His own Supreme Lordly form.""
"Sanjaya continued: "Having thus spoken, O King, the Lord Shri Krishna, the Almighty Prince of Wisdom, showed Arjuna the Supreme Form of the Great God."
"11.9 एवम् thus? उक्त्वा having spoken? ततः then? राजन् O king? महायोगेश्वरः the great Lord of Yoga? हरिः Hari? दर्शयामास showed? पार्थाय to Arjuna? परमम् Supreme? रूपम् form? ऐश्वरम् Sovereign.Commentary King This verse is addressed by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra.Supreme Form The Cosmic Form."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 10
Verse 10 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अनेकवक्त्रनयनमनेकाद्भुतदर्शनम्। अनेकदिव्याभरणं दिव्यानेकोद्यतायुधम्।।11.10।।
TRANSLITERATION
aneka-vaktra-nayanam anekādbhuta-darśhanam aneka-divyābharaṇaṁ divyānekodyatāyudham
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"With innumerable mouths and eyes, many marvelous aspects, numerous divine ornaments, and numerous divine weapons."
"Having many faces and eyes, possessing many wondrous sights, adorned with numerous celestial ornaments, and holding many uplifted heavenly weapons;"
"With numerous mouths and eyes, with numerous wondrous sights, with numerous divine adornments, with numerous divine weapons uplifted, such a form He showed."
"It has many mouths and eyes, wondrous sights, heavenly ornaments, and weapons held ready;"
"There were countless eyes, mouths, and innumerable mystic forms, with shining ornaments and flaming celestial weapons."
"11.10 अनेकवक्त्रनयनम् with numerous mouthsand eyes? अनेकाद्भुतदर्शनम् with numerous wonderful sights? अनेकदिव्याभरणम् with numerous divine ornaments? दिव्यानेकोद्यतायुधम् with numerous divine weapons uplifted.Commentary Countless faces appeared there. Arjuna looked at this Cosmic Form in all its magnificence. He saw the Lord everywhere and in everything. The whole manifestation appeared as one gigantic body of the Lord. He saw the Lord as the allinall."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 11
Verse 11 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
दिव्यमाल्याम्बरधरं दिव्यगन्धानुलेपनम्। सर्वाश्चर्यमयं देवमनन्तं विश्वतोमुखम्।।11.11।।
TRANSLITERATION
divya-mālyāmbara-dharaṁ divya-gandhānulepanam sarvāśhcharya-mayaṁ devam anantaṁ viśhvato-mukham
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Wearing celestial garlands and raiments, anointed with divine perfumes, full of wonders, resplendent, boundless, and facing all directions."
"Wearing heavenly garlands and apparel, anointed with heavenly scents, abounding in all kinds of wonders, resplendent, infinite, and with faces on all sides."
"Wearing divine garlands and apparel, anointed with divine unguents, the all-wonderful, resplendent Being is endless with faces on all sides."
"It wears heavenly garlands and garments, is anointed with heavenly sandal paste, is wondrous, radiant, and infinite, and has faces in all directions."
"Crowned with heavenly garlands, clothed in shining garments, anointed with divine unguents, He showed Himself as the Resplendent One, Marvelous, Boundless, and Omnipresent."
"11.11 दिव्यमाल्याम्बरधरम् wearing divine garlands (necklaces) and apparel? दिव्यगन्धानुलेपनम् anointed with divine unguents? सर्वाश्चर्यमयम् the allwonderful? देवम् resplendent? अनन्तम् endless? विश्वतोमुखम् with faces on all sides.Commentary Visvatomukham With faces on all sides? as He is the Self of all beings.Devam God. Also means resplendent.Anantam Endless. He Who is free from the three kinds of limitations? viz.? DesaKalaVastuPariccheda (limitations of space? time? and thing respectively) is Anantam. He is Brahman. This philosophical concept is explained below.The pot is here. This is spacelimitatio. The pot is now here. This is timelimitation. The pot is not a cloth. This is thing(material) limitation. There is saffron in Kashmir only. This is limitation of space and thing. You can have apples only in September. This is limitation of time and thing. But Brahman is everywhere? as It is allpervading. It exists in the past? the present and the future. It dwells in all parts. Hence It is beyond these three limitations. It is therefore endless."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 12
Verse 12 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
दिवि सूर्यसहस्रस्य भवेद्युगपदुत्थिता। यदि भाः सदृशी सा स्याद्भासस्तस्य महात्मनः।।11.12।।
TRANSLITERATION
divi sūrya-sahasrasya bhaved yugapad utthitā yadi bhāḥ sadṛiśhī sā syād bhāsas tasya mahātmanaḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"If a thousand suns were to rise at once in the sky, the resulting splendour would be like the splendour of that mighty One."
"Should the effulgence of a thousand suns blaze forth simultaneously in the sky, that might be akin to the radiance of that exalted One."
"If the splendour of a thousand suns were to blaze out simultaneously in the sky, that would be the splendour of that mighty being."
"If the splendour of a thousand suns were to burst forth at once in the sky, would that be equal to the splendour of that Mighty Self?"
"Could a thousand suns blaze forth together, it would be but a faint reflection of the radiance of the Lord God."
"11.12 दिवि in the sky? सूर्यसहस्रस्य of a thousand suns? भवेत् were? युगपत् at once (simultaneously)? उत्थिता arisen? यदि if? भाः splendour? सदृशी like? सा that? स्यात् would be? भासः splendour? तस्य of that? महात्मनः of the mighty Being (great soul).Commentary Divi here means in the Antariksha or the sky.Mahatma here refers to the great Soul or the mighty Being? the Cosmic Form."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 13
Verse 13 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
तत्रैकस्थं जगत्कृत्स्नं प्रविभक्तमनेकधा। अपश्यद्देवदेवस्य शरीरे पाण्डवस्तदा।।11.13।।
TRANSLITERATION
tatraika-sthaṁ jagat kṛitsnaṁ pravibhaktam anekadhā apaśhyad deva-devasya śharīre pāṇḍavas tadā
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"There, Arjuna beheld the whole universe, with its manifold divisions gathered together in one single spot within the body of the God of gods."
"At that time, the Pandava saw, in the body of the God of gods, the whole diversely differentiated universe united in one."
"There, in the body of the God of gods, Arjuna then saw the entire universe resting in one, with its myriad of divisions."
"At that time, the son of Pandu beheld, in the body of the God-of-Gods, the entire universe, united yet divided into many groups."
"In that vision, Arjuna saw the universe, with its manifold shapes, all embraced in one, its Supreme Lord."
"11.13 तत्र there? एकस्थम् resting in one? जगत् the universe? कृत्स्नम् the whole? प्रविभक्तम् divided? अनेकधा in many groups? अपश्यत् saw? देवदेवस्य of the God of gods? शरीरे in the body? पाण्डवः son of Pandu? तदा then.Commentary Tatra There -- in the Cosmic Form.Anekadha Many groups -- gods? manes? men and other species of beings.Arjuna beheld all forms as the forms of the Lord? all heads as His heads? all eyes as His eyes? all hands as His hands? all feet as His feet? every part of every body as the limb of the Lords divine form. Wherever he looked he beheld nothing but the Lord. He got mystic divine knowledge.Sanjaya has given a truly graphic description of the Cosmic Form. Yet? it would be futile to grasp it with the finite mind. It is a transcendental vision? beyond the reach of the mind and senses. It has to be realised in Samadhi."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 14
Verse 14 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
ततः स विस्मयाविष्टो हृष्टरोमा धनञ्जयः। प्रणम्य शिरसा देवं कृताञ्जलिरभाषत।।11.14।।
TRANSLITERATION
tataḥ sa vismayāviṣhṭo hṛiṣhṭa-romā dhanañjayaḥ praṇamya śhirasā devaṁ kṛitāñjalir abhāṣhata
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Then, Arjuna, overcome with amazement, his hairs standing on end, bowed his head to the Lord and spoke with folded hands."
"Then, filled with wonder and with hairs standing on end, Arjuna, bowing down with his head to the Lord, said with folded hands:"
"Then, Arjuna, filled with wonder and his hair standing on end, bowed his head to the God and spoke with palms joined."
"Then, possessed by amazement and with his body hair standing on end, Dhananjaya, with his head bowed to the God and with folded hands, spoke to Him."
"Then, Arjuna, filled with awe, his hair standing on end, bowing his head, and clasping his hands in reverence, spoke to the Lord:"
"11.14 ततः then? सः he? विस्मयाविष्टः filled with wonder? हृष्टरोमा with hair standing on end? धनञ्जयः Arjuna? प्रणम्य having prostrated? शिरसा with (his) head? देवम् the God? कृताञ्जलिः with joined palms? अभाषत spoke.Commentary Tatah Then? having seen the Cosmic Form.Arjuna joined his palms in order to do prostration to the Cosmic Form. The great hero had attained true humility which the bowed head and joined palms represented? and which is the essential ingredient of devotion."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 15
Verse 15 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अर्जुन उवाच पश्यामि देवांस्तव देव देहे सर्वांस्तथा भूतविशेषसङ्घान्। ब्रह्माणमीशं कमलासनस्थ मृषींश्च सर्वानुरगांश्च दिव्यान्।।11.15।।
TRANSLITERATION
arjuna uvācha paśhyāmi devāns tava deva dehe sarvāns tathā bhūta-viśheṣha-saṅghān brahmāṇam īśhaṁ kamalāsana-stham ṛiṣhīnśh cha sarvān uragānśh cha divyān
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Arjuna said, "O Lord, I behold in Your body all the gods, and all the diverse hosts of beings—Brahma, Siva, who is in Brahma, the seers, and the lustrous snakes.""
"Arjuna said, "O God, I see in Your body all the gods, as well as hosts of various classes of beings; Brahma the ruler, sitting on a lotus seat, and all the heavenly sages and serpents."
"Arjuna said, "O God, I see all the gods in Your body, as well as hosts of various classes of beings, Brahma the Lord seated on the lotus, all the sages, and the celestial serpents.""
"Arjuna said, "O God! In Your body, I behold all gods and hosts of different kinds of beings—the Lord Brahma seated on the lotus-seat, and all the sages and glowing serpents.""
"Arjuna said: O Almighty God! I see in You the powers of Nature, the various creatures of the world, the Progenitor on His lotus throne, the Sages, and the shining angels."
"11.15 पश्यामि (I) see? देवान् the gods? तव Thy? देव O God? देहे in the body? सर्वान् all? तथा also? भूतविशेषसङ्घान् hosts of various classes of beings? ब्रह्माणम् Brahma? ईशम् the Lord? कमलासनस्थम् seated on the lotus? ऋषीन् sages? च and? सर्वान् all? उरगान् serpents? च and? दिव्यान् divine.Commentary Arjuna describes his own experience of the Cosmic Form in this and the following verses? 15 to 31.Bhutaviseshasanghan Hosts of various classes of beings? both animate and inanimate. These numerous entities are in Thy Cosmic Form? like hairs on the human body.Brahma? the fourfaced? the Lord of all creatures? is seated in the centre of the earthlotus on the Meru which forms the thalamus as it were of the earthlotus.Sages? such as Vasishtha. Serpents? such as Vasuki.Moreover -- "
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 16
Verse 16 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अनेकबाहूदरवक्त्रनेत्रं पश्यामि त्वां सर्वतोऽनन्तरूपम्। नान्तं न मध्यं न पुनस्तवादिं पश्यामि विश्वेश्वर विश्वरूप।।11.16।।
TRANSLITERATION
aneka-bāhūdara-vaktra-netraṁ paśhyāmi tvāṁ sarvato ’nanta-rūpam nāntaṁ na madhyaṁ na punas tavādiṁ paśhyāmi viśhveśhvara viśhva-rūpa
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"With manifold arms, stomachs, mouths, and eyes, I behold Your infinite form on all sides. I see no end, no middle, nor the beginning of You, O Lord of the universe, O You of Universal Form."
"I see You with numerous arms, bellies, mouths, and eyes; with infinite forms all around. O Lord of the Universe, O Cosmic Person, I see no limit, no middle, nor beginning!"
"I see You with boundless form on every side, with many arms, stomachs, mouths, and eyes; neither the end nor the middle nor the beginning do I see, O Lord of the Universe, O Cosmic Form."
"I behold You with many arms, bellies, mouths, and eyes, and with infinite forms on all sides; I find neither the end nor the center nor the beginning of You, O Lord of the Universe, O Universal-Formed One!"
"I see You, infinite in form, with faces, eyes, and limbs everywhere; with no beginning, middle, or end. O You, Lord of the Universe, whose form is universal!"
"11.16 अनेकबाहूदरवक्त्रनेत्रम् with manifold arms? stomachs? mouths and eyes? पश्यामि (I) see? त्वाम् Thee? सर्वतः on every side? अनन्तरूपम् of boundless form? न not? अनत्म् end? न not? मध्यम् middle? न not? पुनः,again? तव Thy? आदिम् origin? पश्यामि (I) see? विश्वेश्वर O Lord of the universe? विश्वरूप O Cosmic Form.Commentary A thing that is limited by space and time has a begining? a middle and an end? but the Lord is omnipresent and eternal. He exists in the three periods of time -- past? present and future? but is not limited by time and space. Therefore He has neither a beginning nor middle nor end.Arjuna could have this divine vision only with the help of the divine eye bestowed upon him by the Lord. He who has supreme devotion to the Lord and on whom the Lord showers His grace can enjoy this wondrous vision."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 17
Verse 17 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
किरीटिनं गदिनं चक्रिणं च तेजोराशिं सर्वतोदीप्तिमन्तम्। पश्यामि त्वां दुर्निरीक्ष्यं समन्ता द्दीप्तानलार्कद्युतिमप्रमेयम्।।11.17।।
TRANSLITERATION
kirīṭinaṁ gadinaṁ chakriṇaṁ cha tejo-rāśhiṁ sarvato dīptimantam paśhyāmi tvāṁ durnirīkṣhyaṁ samantād dīptānalārka-dyutim aprameyam
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"I behold You as a mass of light, shining everywhere, with a diadem, mace, and discus, hard to behold, blazing like a burning fire and the sun, and immeasurable."
"I see You wearing a diadem, wielding a mace, and holding a disc; a mass of brilliance glowing all around, difficult to look at from all sides, possessing the radiance of the blazing fire and sun, and immeasurable."
"I see You with the diadem, club, and discus, a mass of radiance shining everywhere, very hard to look at, blazing all around like a burning fire and the sun, and immeasurable."
"I behold You as having crowns, clubs, and discs; as a mass of radiance, shining on all sides, hard to look at and blazing like burning fire and the sun on each side; and as an immeasurable one."
"I see you with the crown, the scepter, and the discus; a blaze of splendor. Scarcely can I gaze upon you, so radiant you are, glowing like a blazing fire, brilliant as the sun, immeasurable."
"11.17 किरीटिनम् one with diadem? गदिनम् with club? चक्रिणम् with discus? च and? तेजोराशिम् a mass of radiance? सर्वतः everywhere? दीप्तिमन्तम् shining? पश्यामि (I) see? त्वाम् Thee? दुर्निरीक्ष्यम् very hard to look at? समन्तात् all round? दीप्तानलार्कद्युतिम् blazing like burning fire and sun? अप्रमेयम् immeasurable.Commentary Kiritam is a special ornament for the head? the crown.Arjuna had worshipped the Lord as having a crown? club and discus and the Lord showed him the same form now. He is in all forms and He is beyond all forms as the transcendental Reality. Who can comprehend His GloryTejorasim A mass of splendour that cannot be perceived without the inner divine eye of intuition.Aprameyam Immeasurable? whose limits cannot be fixed.I infer from this vision of Thy power of Yoga that Thu art the Imperishable? etc."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 18
Verse 18 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
त्वमक्षरं परमं वेदितव्यं त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम्। त्वमव्ययः शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता सनातनस्त्वं पुरुषो मतो मे।।11.18।।
TRANSLITERATION
tvam akṣharaṁ paramaṁ veditavyaṁ tvam asya viśhvasya paraṁ nidhānam tvam avyayaḥ śhāśhvata-dharma-goptā sanātanas tvaṁ puruṣho mato me
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"You are the Imperishable, Supreme One to be realized. You are the Supreme Substratum of this universe. You are immutable, the guardian of the eternal law; I know You are the Supreme Person who is everlasting."
"You are the Unchanging, the supreme One to be known; You are the most perfect repository of this Universe. You are the Imperishable, the Protector of the ever-existing religion; You are the eternal Person. This is my belief."
"You are the Imperishable, the Supreme Being, worthy of being known. You are the great treasure-house of this universe; You are the imperishable protector of the eternal Dharma; You are the Primal Person, I believe."
"You are the imperishable, the Supreme Being to be known; You are the ultimate place of rest for this universe; You are changeless and the guardian of the pious acts of the Satvatas; You are the everlasting Soul, I believe."
"You are imperishable, the only one worthy of being known, the priceless treasure-house of the universe, the immortal guardian of eternal life, and the everlasting spirit."
"11.18 त्वम् Thou? अक्षरम् imperishable? परमम् the Supreme Being? वेदितव्यम् worthy to be known? त्वम् Thou? अस्य (of) this? विश्वस्य of universe? परम् the great? निधानम् treasurehouse? त्वम् Thou? अव्ययः imperishable? शाश्वतधर्मगोप्ता Protector of the Eternal Dharma? सनातनः ancient? त्वम् Thou? पुरुषः Purusha? मतः thought? मे of me.Commentary VisvasyaNidhaanam Treasurehouse of this universe? also means abode or refuge or the substratum of this universe. It is because of this that all the beings in the universe are preserved and protected. He is the inexhaustibel source to Whom the devotee turns at all times. Deluded indeed are they that ignore this divine treasurehouse and runa fter the shadow of the objects of the senses which do not contain even an iota of pleasure.Veditavyam To be known by the aspirants or seekrs of liberation? through Sravana (hearing of the scriptures)? Manana (reflection) and Nididhyasana (meditation).Avyayah means inexhaustible? unchanging? undying."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 19
Verse 19 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अनादिमध्यान्तमनन्तवीर्य मनन्तबाहुं शशिसूर्यनेत्रम्। पश्यामि त्वां दीप्तहुताशवक्त्रम् स्वतेजसा विश्वमिदं तपन्तम्।।11.19।।
TRANSLITERATION
स्वतेजसा विश्वमिदं तपन्तम् || 19||
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"I behold You as having no beginning, middle, or end; Your might is infinite. You are endowed with an innumerable number of arms. The sun and moon are Your eyes, and Your mouth emits burning fire. With Your own radiance, You are warning the entire universe."
"I see You as having no beginning, middle, or end, possessing infinite valor, with innumerable arms, the sun and moon as eyes, a mouth like a blazing fire, and heating up this universe with Your own brilliance."
"I see You without beginning, middle, or end, infinite in power, with endless arms, the sun and moon as Your eyes, the burning fire Your mouth, heating the entire universe with Your radiance."
"I observe You with no beginning, no middle, and no end; having infinite creative power and infinite arms; with the moon and the sun as Your eyes and the blazing fire as Your mouth; and scorching this universe with Your radiance."
"Without beginning, without middle, and without end, infinite in power, with arms all-embracing, the sun and moon as Your eyes, Your face beaming with the fire of sacrifice, flooding the whole universe with light."
"11.19 अनादिमध्यान्तम् without beginning? middle or end? अनन्तवीर्यम् infinite in power? अनन्तबाहुम् of endless arms? शशिसूर्यनेत्रम् Thy eyes as the sun and the moon? पश्यामि (I) see? त्वाम् Thee? दीप्तहुताशवक्त्रम् Thy mouth as the burning fire? स्वतेजसा with Thy radiance? विश्वम् the universe? इदम् this? तपन्तम् heating.Commentary Anantabahu Having endless arms. This denotes that the multiplicity of His limbs are endless."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 20
Verse 20 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
द्यावापृथिव्योरिदमन्तरं हि व्याप्तं त्वयैकेन दिशश्च सर्वाः। दृष्ट्वाऽद्भुतं रूपमुग्रं तवेदं लोकत्रयं प्रव्यथितं महात्मन्।।11.20।।
TRANSLITERATION
dyāv ā-pṛithivyor idam antaraṁ hi vyāptaṁ tvayaikena diśhaśh cha sarvāḥ dṛiṣhṭvādbhutaṁ rūpam ugraṁ tavedaṁ loka-trayaṁ pravyathitaṁ mahātman
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"You alone have pervaded the interspace between heaven and earth, and all the quarters. Beholding your marvelous and terrible form, O Mahatman, the three worlds are greatly overwhelmed with fear."
"Indeed, this intermediate space between heaven and earth, as well as all the directions, are pervaded by You alone. O exalted One, the three worlds are struck with fear upon seeing this strange and fearful form of Yours."
"This space between the earth and the heavens, and all the quarters, is filled by You alone; having seen this, Your wonderful and terrible form, the three worlds are trembling with fear, O great-souled Being."
"This space between heaven and earth, as well as all the directions, is pervaded singly by You; seeing this wondrous form of Yours, O Exalted Soul, the triple world is greatly frightened."
"Alone, you fill all the quarters of the sky, earth, and heaven, and the regions between. O Almighty Lord! Seeing your marvelous and awe-inspiring form, the spheres tremble with fear."
"11.20 द्यावापृथिव्योः of heaven and earth? इदम् this? अन्तरम् interspace? हि indeed? व्याप्तम् is filled? त्वया by Thee? एकेन alone? दिशः arters? च and? सर्वाः all? दृष्ट्वा having seen? अद्भुतम् wonderful? रूपम् form? उग्रम् terrible? तव Thy? इदम् this? लोकत्रयम् the three worlds? प्रव्यथितम् are trembling with fear? महात्मन् O greatsouled Being.Commentary Thee In Thy Cosmic Form.The space and the arters This denotes that the Lord has filled the whole universe of animate and inanimate objects.In order to remove the doubt entertained by Arjuna as to his success (Cf.II.6) Lord Krishna makes him feel now that victoyr for the Pandavas is certain."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 21
Verse 21 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अमी हि त्वां सुरसङ्घाः विशन्ति केचिद्भीताः प्राञ्जलयो गृणन्ति। स्वस्तीत्युक्त्वा महर्षिसिद्धसङ्घाः स्तुवन्ति त्वां स्तुतिभिः पुष्कलाभिः।।11.21।।
TRANSLITERATION
amī hi tvāṁ sura-saṅghā viśhanti kechid bhītāḥ prāñjalayo gṛiṇanti svastīty uktvā maharṣhi-siddha-saṅghāḥ stuvanti tvāṁ stutibhiḥ puṣhkalābhiḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Verily, the hosts of Devas enter into You. Some, in fear, extol You with clasped hands, crying "Hail!" The bands of great seers and Siddhas praise You with meaningful hymns."
"Those very groups of gods enter into You; struck with fear, some extol You with joined palms. Groups of great sages and perfected beings praise You with elaborate hymns, saying, 'May it be well!'"
"Verily, these hosts of gods enter into Thee; some extol Thee with joined palms in fear, saying, 'May it be well!' Bands of great sages and perfected ones praise Thee with complete hymns."
"These hosts of gods enter into You; some, frightened, recite [hymns] with folded palms; simply crying 'Hail!', the hosts of great seers praise You with excellent praising hymns."
"The troops of celestial beings enter into You, some invoking You in fear, with folded palms; the great seers and adepts sing hymns to Your glory, saying, "All hail!""
"11.21 अमी these? हि verily? त्वाम् Thee? सुरसङ्घाः hosts of gods? विशन्ति enter? केचित् some? भीताः in fear? प्राञ्जलयः with joined palms? गृणन्ति extol? स्वस्ति may it be well? इति thus? उक्त्वा having said? महर्षिसिद्धसङ्घाः bands of great Rishis and Siddhas? स्तुवन्ति paise? त्वाम् Thee? स्तुतिभिः with hymns? पुष्कलाभिः complete.Commentary Pushkalabhih means complete or wellworded praises or praises full of deep meanings.Great sages like Narada and perfected ones like Kapila praise Thee with inspiring hymns."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 22
Verse 22 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
रुद्रादित्या वसवो ये च साध्या विश्वेऽश्िवनौ मरुतश्चोष्मपाश्च। गन्धर्वयक्षासुरसिद्धसङ्घा वीक्षन्ते त्वां विस्मिताश्चैव सर्वे।।11.22।।
TRANSLITERATION
rudrādityā vasavo ye cha sādhyā viśhve ’śhvinau marutaśh choṣhmapāśh cha gandharva-yakṣhāsura-siddha-saṅghā vīkṣhante tvāṁ vismitāśh chaiva sarve
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"The Rudras, the Adityas, the Vasus, the Sadhyas, the Visvas, the Asvins, the Maruts, and the Manes, as well as the hosts of Gandharvas, Yaksas, Asuras, and Siddhas—all gaze upon You in amazement."
"Those who are the Rudras, the Adityas, the Vasus, and the Sadhyas, the Visvedevas, the two Asvins, the Maruts, and the Usmapas, and hosts of Gandharvas, Yaksas, demons, and Siddhas—all of those very ones gaze at You, being indeed struck with wonder."
"The Rudras, Adityas, Vasus, Sadhyas, Visvedevas, the two Asvins, Maruts, the Manus, and the hosts of celestial singers, Yakshas, demons, and the perfected ones, all look upon Thee with great amazement."
"The Rudras, the Adityas, the Vasus, the Sadhyas, the Visvadevas, the twin Asvins, and the Maruts, the Manes, the hosts of the Gandharvas, the Yaksas, the demons, and the perfected ones—all gaze upon You in amazement."
"The vital forces, major stars, fire, earth, air, sky, sun, heaven, moon, and planets; the angels, guardians of the universe, divine healers, winds, fathers, heavenly singers, and hosts of mammon-worshippers, demons, and saints are all amazed."
"11.22 रुद्रादित्याः Rudras and Adityas? वसवः Vasus? ये these? च and? साध्याः Sadhyas? विश्वे Visvedevas? अश्िवनौ the two Asvins? मरुतः Maruts? च and? उष्मपाः Pitris? च and? गन्धर्वयक्षासुरसिद्धसङ्घाः hosts of Gandharvas? Yakshas? Asuras and Siddhas? वीक्षन्ते are looking at? त्वाम् Thee? विस्मिताः astonished? च and? एव even? सर्वे all.Commentary Sadhyas are a class of gods of whom Brahma is the chief.Visvedevas are ten gods who in Vedic times were considered as protectors of human beings. They were called guardians of the world. They were givers of plenty to the human beings. Their names are Krata? Daksha? Vasu? Satya? Kama? Kala? Dhvani? Rochaka? Adrava and Pururava.The two Asvins? born of Prabha (light)? daughter of Tushta and the Sun? are the physicians of the gods.Rudras? Adityas? Vasus and Maruts -- see tenth chapter? verses 21 and 23.Ushmapa A class of manes. They accept the food offered in the Sraaddha (anniversary) ceremony or the obseies? while it is hot. Hence they are called Ushmapas. There are seven groups of manes.Gandharvas are celestial singers such as Haha and Huhu.Yakshas such as Kubera (the god of wealth) Asuras such as Virochana perfected ones such as Kapila."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 23
Verse 23 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
रूपं महत्ते बहुवक्त्रनेत्रं महाबाहो बहुबाहूरुपादम्। बहूदरं बहुदंष्ट्राकरालं दृष्ट्वा लोकाः प्रव्यथितास्तथाऽहम्।।11.23।।
TRANSLITERATION
rūpaṁ mahat te bahu-vaktra-netraṁ mahā-bāho bahu-bāhūru-pādam bahūdaraṁ bahu-danṣhṭrā-karālaṁ dṛiṣhṭvā lokāḥ pravyathitās tathāham
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Beholding Your great form with many mouths and eyes, many arms, thighs, and feet, many stomachs, and terrible with many teeth, the worlds tremble, and I too quake, O mighty-armed one."
"O Mighty-Armed One, seeing Your immense form with many mouths, eyes, arms, thighs, feet, bellies, and teeth, the creatures are struck with terror, and so am I."
"Having seen Your immeasurable form with many mouths and eyes, O mighty-armed one, with many arms, thighs, and feet, with many stomachs and fearsome with many teeth, the worlds are terrified, and so am I."
"O Mighty-armed One! Having seen Your mighty form, with its many faces and eyes, many arms, thighs, feet, and bellies, and its terrible array of tusks, the worlds are frightened, as am I."
"Seeing Thy stupendous Form, O Most Mighty One, with its myriad faces, its innumerable eyes, limbs, and terrible jaws, I myself and all the worlds are overwhelmed with awe."
"11.23 रूपम् form? महत् immeasurable? ते Thy? बहुवक्त्रनेत्रम् with many mouths and eyes? महाबाहो O,mightyarmed? बहुबाहूरुपादम् with many arms? thighs and feet? बहूदरम् with many stomachs. बहुदंष्ट्राकरालम् fearful with many teeth? दृष्ट्वा having seen? लोकाः the worlds? प्रव्यथिताः are terrified? तथा also? अहम् I.Commentary Lokah The worlds -- all living beings in the world. Here is the cause of my fear. Arjuna describes below the nature of the Cosmic Form which has caused terror in his heart."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 24
Verse 24 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
नभःस्पृशं दीप्तमनेकवर्णं व्यात्ताननं दीप्तविशालनेत्रम्। दृष्ट्वा हि त्वां प्रव्यथितान्तरात्मा धृतिं न विन्दामि शमं च विष्णो।।11.24।।
TRANSLITERATION
nabhaḥ-spṛiśhaṁ dīptam aneka-varṇaṁ vyāttānanaṁ dīpta-viśhāla-netram dṛiṣhṭvā hi tvāṁ pravyathitāntar-ātmā dhṛitiṁ na vindāmi śhamaṁ cha viṣhṇo
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"When I behold You touching the Supreme Heaven, shining, multicolored, with yawning mouths and large, resplendent eyes, my inner being trembles in fear. I am unable to find support or peace, O Vishnu."
"O Vishnu, indeed, upon seeing Your form touching the heavens, blazing with many colors, open-mouthed, with fiery, large eyes, I become terrified in my mind and do not find steadiness and peace."
"On seeing Thee, touching the sky, shining in many colors, with mouths wide open, with large fiery eyes, I am terrified at heart and find neither courage nor peace, O Vishnu."
"As I observe You, touching the sky, blazing, with many colors, mouths wide open, eyes blazing and large, I am terrified in my inner soul and I do not find courage and peace, O Visnu!"
"When I see You, touching the heavens, glowing with color, with open mouth and wide, fiery eyes, I am terrified. O my Lord! My courage and peace of mind abandon me."
"11.24 नभःस्पृशम् touching the sky? दीप्तम् shining? अनेकवर्णम् in many colours? व्यात्ताननम् with mouths wide open? दीप्तविशालनेत्रम् with larve fiery eyes? दृष्ट्वा having seen? हि verily? त्वाम् Thee? प्रव्यथितान्तरात्मा terrified at heart? धृतिम् courage? न not? विन्दामि (I) find? शमम् peace? च and? विष्णो O Vishnu.Commentary Dhriti also means patience and strength. Sama also means control.The vision of the Cosmic Form has frightened Arjuna considerably."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 25
Verse 25 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
दंष्ट्राकरालानि च ते मुखानि दृष्ट्वैव कालानलसन्निभानि। दिशो न जाने न लभे च शर्म प्रसीद देवेश जगन्निवास।।11.25।।
TRANSLITERATION
danṣhṭrā-karālāni cha te mukhāni dṛiṣhṭvaiva kālānala-sannibhāni diśho na jāne na labhe cha śharma prasīda deveśha jagan-nivāsa
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Viewing Your mouths, presenting awe-generating fangs and looking like the consuming fire of final destruction, I know not the quarters of the globe nor do I find repose. Be gracious, O Lord of the Devas! O Abode of the universe!"
"Having merely seen Your mouths made terrible with their teeth and resembling the fire of Dissolution, I have lost my sense of direction and find no comfort. Be gracious, O Lord of gods, O Abode of the Universe."
"Having seen Thy mouths fearful with teeth blazing like the fires of cosmic dissolution, I know not the four quarters, nor do I find peace. Have mercy, O Lord of the gods, O abode of the universe."
"By merely seeing Your faces, which are frightening with tusks and look like the fire of destruction, I do not know the arters and get no peace. Have mercy, O Lord of gods! O Abode of the Universe!"
"When I see Thy mouths with their fearful jaws, like glowing fires at the dissolution of creation, I lose all sense of place and find no rest. Be merciful, O Lord, in whom this universe abides!"
"11.25 दंष्ट्राकरालानि fearful with teeth? च and? ते Thy? मुखानि mouths? दृष्ट्वा having seen? एव even? कालानलसन्निभानि blazing like Pralayafires? दिशः the four arters? न not? जाने know? न not? लभे do (I) obtain? च and? शर्म peace? प्रसीद have mercy? देवेश O Lord of the gods? जगन्निवास O abode of the universe.Commentary Jagannivasa The substratum of the universe.Kalanala The fires which consume the worlds during the final dissolution of the worlds (Pralaya). Time (Kala) is the consumer of all that is manifest.Diso no jane I do not know the four arters. I cannot distinguish the east from the west? nor the north from the south."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 26
Verse 26 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अमी च त्वां धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्राः सर्वे सहैवावनिपालसङ्घैः। भीष्मो द्रोणः सूतपुत्रस्तथाऽसौ सहास्मदीयैरपि योधमुख्यैः।।11.26।।
TRANSLITERATION
amī cha tvāṁ dhṛitarāśhtrasya putrāḥ sarve sahaivāvani-pāla-saṅghaiḥ bhīṣhmo droṇaḥ sūta-putras tathāsau sahāsmadīyair api yodha-mukhyaiḥ vaktrāṇi te tvaramāṇā viśhanti danṣhṭrā-karālāni bhayānakāni kechid vilagnā daśhanāntareṣhu sandṛiśhyante chūrṇitair uttamāṅgaiḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"All these sons of Dhrtarastra, together with the hosts of monarchs, Bhisma, Drona, and Karna, along with the leading warriors of our side,"
"And into You enter all those sons of Dhrtarastra, along with multitudes of the rulers of the earth, Bhisma, Drona, and that son of a Suta, Karna, together with our prominent warriors."
"All the sons of Dhritarashtra, along with the hosts of kings of the earth, Bhishma, Drona, and Karna, as well as the chief among our warriors."
"All these sons of Dhrtarastra, along with the entire host of kings, Bhisma, Drona, and the son of the charioteer (Karna), together with the chief warriors of ours as well;"
"All these sons of Dhritarashtra, along with the hosts of princes, Bheeshma, Drona, and Karna, as well as the other warrior chiefs on our side;"
"11.26 अमी these? च and? त्वाम् Thee? धृतराष्ट्रस्य of Dhritarashtra? पुत्राः sons? सर्वे all? सह with? एव even? अवनिपालसङ्घैः hosts of kings? भीष्मः Bhishma? द्रोणः Drona? सूतपुत्रः Karana? तथा also? असौ this? सह with? अस्मदीयैः with (those) of ours? अपि also? योधमुख्यैः (with) warrior chiefs.Commentary Karna? though he was the son of Kunti? the mother of the Pandavas? was brought up by a charioteer and hence came to be regarded as his son."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 27
Verse 27 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
वक्त्राणि ते त्वरमाणा विशन्ति दंष्ट्राकरालानि भयानकानि। केचिद्विलग्ना दशनान्तरेषु संदृश्यन्ते चूर्णितैरुत्तमाङ्गैः।।11.27।।
TRANSLITERATION
vaktrāṇi te tvaramāṇā viśanti daṁṣṭrā-karālāni bhayānakāni kecid vilagnā daśanāntareṣu sandṛśyante cūrṇitair uttamāṅgaiḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Hasten to enter Your fearful mouths with terrible fangs, crushing some of those caught between the teeth to powder."
"They rapidly enter into Your terrible mouths with cruel teeth! Some are seen sticking in the gaps between the teeth, with their heads crushed!"
"Some hurry into Your mouths with their terrible teeth, fearful to behold. Some are found stuck in the gaps between the teeth, their heads crushed to powder."
"They hurry into Your fearsome mouths, with tusks that terrify; some of them, stuck between Your teeth, are clearly visible with their heads crushed."
"1 See them all rushing headlong into Thy mouths, with terrible tusks, horrible to behold. Some are mangled between Thy jaws, with their heads crushed to atoms."
"11.27 वक्त्राणि mouths? ते Thy? त्वरमाणाः hurrying? विशन्ति enter? दंष्ट्राकरालानि terribletoothed? भयानकानि fearful to behold? केचित् some? विलग्नाः sticking? दशनान्तरेषु in the gaps between the teeth? संदृश्यन्ते are found? चूर्णितैः crushed to powder? उत्तमाङ्गैः with (their) heads.Commentary How do they enter into the mouth Arjuna continues"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 28
Verse 28 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
यथा नदीनां बहवोऽम्बुवेगाः समुद्रमेवाभिमुखाः द्रवन्ति। तथा तवामी नरलोकवीरा विशन्ति वक्त्राण्यभिविज्वलन्ति।।11.28।।
TRANSLITERATION
yathā nadīnāṁ bahavo ’mbu-vegāḥ samudram evābhimukhā dravanti tathā tavāmī nara-loka-vīrā viśhanti vaktrāṇy abhivijvalanti
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"As many torrents of rivers flow towards the ocean, so do these heroes of the world of men enter into Your flaming mouths."
"As the numerous currents of the waters of rivers rush towards the sea alone, so too do those heroes of the human world enter into Your blazing mouths."
"Verily, just as many torrents of rivers flow towards the ocean, so too these heroes in the world of men enter Thy flaming mouths."
"Just as many water-rapids of the rivers race heading towards the ocean, in the same manner these heroes of the world of men enter into Your mouths, flaming all around."
"As rivers in flood surge furiously towards the ocean, so these heroes, the greatest among men, fling themselves into Thy flaming mouths."
"11.28 यथा as? नदीनाम् of rivers? बहवः many? अम्बुवेगाः watercurrents? समुद्रम् to the ocean? एव verily? अभिमुखाः towards? द्रवन्ति flow? तथा so? तव Thy? अमी these? नरलोकवीराः heroes in the world of men? विशन्ति enter? वक्त्राणि mouths? अभिविज्वलन्ति flaming.Commentary Ami These warriors such as Bhishma. Arjuna is now seeing all these warriors,whom he did not wish to kill? rushing to death. His delusion has vanished. He thinks now This battle cannot be avoided. It has the sanction of the Supreme Lord. Why should I worry about the inevitable The Lord has already destroyed these warriors. I am only an instrument in His hands. No sin can touch me even if I kill them. This is a just cause also.Why and how do they enter Arjuna says -- "
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 29
Verse 29 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
यथा प्रदीप्तं ज्वलनं पतङ्गा विशन्ति नाशाय समृद्धवेगाः। तथैव नाशाय विशन्ति लोका स्तवापि वक्त्राणि समृद्धवेगाः।।11.29।।
TRANSLITERATION
yathā pradīptaṁ jvalanaṁ pataṅgā viśhanti nāśhāya samṛiddha-vegāḥ tathaiva nāśhāya viśhanti lokās tavāpi vaktrāṇi samṛiddha-vegāḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"As moths rush swiftly into a blazing fire, leading to their destruction, so do these men swiftly rush into Your mouths, leading to their destruction."
"As moths hasten with increased speed into a blazing fire for destruction, so too do creatures hasten into Your mouths with increased speed for destruction."
"As moths hurriedly rush into a blazing fire, leading to their own destruction, so too these creatures hurry into Your mouths, leading to their own destruction."
"Just as moths, with full speed, enter into the flaming fire for their own destruction, in the same manner the worlds also enter, with full speed, into the mouths of Yours for their own destruction."
"As moths impetuously fly towards the flame, only to be killed, so these men rush into Your mouths to court their own destruction."
"11.29 यथा as? प्रदीप्तम् blazing? ज्वलनम् fire? पतङ्गाः moths? विशन्ति enter? नाशाय to destruction? समृद्धवेगाः with ickened speed? तथा so? एव only? नाशाय to destruction? विशन्ति enter? लोकाः creatures? तव Thy? अपि also? वक्त्राणि mouths? समृद्धवेगाः with ickened speed.No Commentary."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 30
Verse 30 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
लेलिह्यसे ग्रसमानः समन्ता ल्लोकान्समग्रान्वदनैर्ज्वलद्भिः। तेजोभिरापूर्य जगत्समग्रं भासस्तवोग्राः प्रतपन्ति विष्णो।।11.30।।
TRANSLITERATION
lelihyase grasamānaḥ samantāl lokān samagrān vadanair jvaladbhiḥ tejobhir āpūrya jagat samagraṁ bhāsas tavogrāḥ pratapanti viṣhṇo
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Devouring all the worlds on every side with your flaming mouths, you lick them up. Your fiery rays, filling the whole universe with their radiance, scorch it, O Vishnu."
"You lick Your lips as You devour all creatures from every side with flaming mouths that fill the entire world with heat."
"Thou lickest up, devouring all the worlds on every side with Thy flaming mouths. Thy fierce rays, filling the whole world with radiance, burn, O Vishnu!"
"Devouring, on all sides with Your blazing mouths, the entire worlds, You are licking up; Your terrible rays scorch the entire universe, filling it with their radiance, O Vishnu!"
"You seem to swallow up the worlds, lapping them in flame. Your glory fills the universe. Your fierce rays beat down upon it irresistibly."
"11.30 लेलिह्यसे (Thou) lickest? ग्रसमानः devouring? समन्तात् on every side? लोकान् the worlds? समग्रान् all? वदनैः with mouths? ज्वलद्भिः flaming? तेजोभिः with radiance? आपूर्य filling? जगत् the world? समग्रम् the whole? भासः rays? तव Thy? उग्राः fierce? प्रतपन्ति are burning? विष्णो O VishnuCommentary Vishnu means allpervading? Vyapanasila."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 31
Verse 31 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
आख्याहि मे को भवानुग्ररूपो नमोऽस्तु ते देववर प्रसीद। विज्ञातुमिच्छामि भवन्तमाद्यं न हि प्रजानामि तव प्रवृत्तिम्।।11.31।।
TRANSLITERATION
ākhyāhi me ko bhavān ugra-rūpo namo ’stu te deva-vara prasīda vijñātum ichchhāmi bhavantam ādyaṁ na hi prajānāmi tava pravṛittim
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Tell me, who are You with this terrible form? Salutations to You, O Supreme God. Be gracious to me. I desire to know You, the Primal One. I do not know Your activities."
"Tell me who You are, fierce in form. Salutations to You, O Supreme God; be gracious. I desire to fully know You, who are the Prime One. For I do not understand Your actions!"
"Tell me, who you are, so fierce of form. I offer my salutations to you, O God Supreme; have mercy on me. I desire to know you, the original Being. I do not indeed know your workings."
"Please tell me who You are with a terrible form, O Best of gods! Salutations to You; please be merciful. I am desirous of knowing You, the Primal One, in detail, for I do not clearly comprehend Your actions."
"Tell me then, who are You, who wears this dreadful form? I bow before You, O Mighty One! Have mercy, I pray, and let me see You as You were at first. I do not know what Your intentions are."
"11.31 आख्याहि tell? मे me? कः who (art)? भवान् Thou? उग्ररूपः fierce in form? नमः salutation? अस्तु be? ते to Thee? देववर O God Supreme? प्रसीद have mercy? विज्ञातुम् to know? इच्छामि (I) wish? भवन्तम् Thee? आद्यम् the original Being? न not? हि indeed? प्रजानामि (I) know? तव Thy? प्रवृत्तिम् doing.No Commentary."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 32
Verse 32 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
श्री भगवानुवाच कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः। ऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः।।11.32।।
TRANSLITERATION
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha kālo ’smi loka-kṣhaya-kṛit pravṛiddho lokān samāhartum iha pravṛittaḥ ṛite ’pi tvāṁ na bhaviṣhyanti sarve ye ’vasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣhu yodhāḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"The Lord said, "I am the world-destroying Time. Manifesting myself fully, I have begun to destroy the worlds here. Even without you, none of the warriors arrayed in the hostile ranks will survive.""
"The Blessed Lord said, "I am the world-destroying Time, grown in stature and now engaged in annihilating the creatures. Even without you, all the warriors arrayed in the confronting armies will cease to exist!""
"The Blessed Lord said, "I am the full-grown, world-destroying Time, now engaged in destroying the worlds. Even without you, none of the warriors arrayed in the hostile armies will live.""
"The Bhagavat said, "I am Time, the world-destroyer, engaged here in withdrawing the worlds that are overgrown. Even without you (your fighting), all the warriors standing in the rival armies would cease to be.""
"Lord Shri Krishna replied: I have shown myself to you as the Destroyer who lays waste the world and whose purpose is destruction. In spite of your efforts, all these warriors gathered for battle shall not escape death."
"11.32 कालः time? अस्मि (I) am? लोकक्षयकृत् worlddestroying? प्रवृद्धः fullgrown? लोकान् the worlds? समाहर्तुम् to destroy? इह here? प्रवृत्तः engaged? ऋते without? अपि also? त्वाम् thee? न not? भविष्यन्ति shall live? सर्वे all? ये these? अवस्थिताः arrayed? प्रत्यनीकेषु in hostile armies? योधाः warriors.Commentary Even without thee Even if thou? O Arjuna? wouldst not fight? these warriors are doomed to die under My dispensation. I am the alldestroying Time. I have already slain them. You have seen them dying. Therefore thy instrumentality is not of much importance.Such being the case? therefore? stand up and obtain fame."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 33
Verse 33 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
तस्मात्त्वमुत्तिष्ठ यशो लभस्व जित्वा शत्रून् भुङ्क्ष्व राज्यं समृद्धम्। मयैवैते निहताः पूर्वमेव निमित्तमात्रं भव सव्यसाचिन्।।11.33।।
TRANSLITERATION
tasmāt tvam uttiṣhṭha yaśho labhasva jitvā śhatrūn bhuṅkṣhva rājyaṁ samṛiddham mayaivaite nihatāḥ pūrvam eva nimitta-mātraṁ bhava savya-sāchin
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Therefore, arise, win glory. Conquering your foes, enjoy a prosperous kingdom. By Me they have already been slain. You be merely an instrument, O Arjuna, you great archer!"
"Therefore, rise up and gain fame; and, defeating the enemies, enjoy a prosperous kingdom. These have been killed by Me even earlier; be you merely an instrument, O Savyasacin (Arjuna)."
"Therefore, stand up and obtain fame. Conquer the enemies and enjoy the unparalleled kingdom. Verily, by Me they have already been slain; be thou a mere instrument, O Arjuna."
"Therefore, stand up, win glory, and vanquish your foes; enjoy the rich kingdom; for these foes have already been killed by Myself; be a mere token cause in their destruction, O ambidextrous archer!"
"Then gird up your loins and conquer. Subdue your foes and enjoy the kingdom in prosperity. I have already doomed them. Be thou my instrument, Arjuna!"
"11.33 तस्मात् therefore? त्वम् thou? उत्तिष्ठ stand up? यशः fame? लभस्व obtain? जित्वा having conered? शत्रून् enemies? भुङ्क्ष्व enjoy? राज्यम् the kingdom? समृद्धम् the unrivalled? मया by Me? एव even? एते these? निहताः have been slain? पूर्वम् before? एव even? निमित्तमात्रम् a mere instrument? भव be? सव्यसाचिन् O ambidexterous one.Commentary Be thou merely an apparent or nominal cause. I have already killed them in advance. I have destroyed them long ago.Fame People will think that Bhishma? Drona and the other great warriors whom even the gods cannot kill have been defeated by you and so you will obtain great fame. Such fame is due to virtuous Karma only.Satrun Enemies such as Duryodhana.Savyasachi Arjuna who could shoot arrows even with the left hand."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 34
Verse 34 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
द्रोणं च भीष्मं च जयद्रथं च कर्णं तथाऽन्यानपि योधवीरान्। मया हतांस्त्वं जहि मा व्यथिष्ठा युध्यस्व जेतासि रणे सपत्नान्।।11.34।।
TRANSLITERATION
droṇaṁ cha bhīṣhmaṁ cha jayadrathaṁ cha karṇaṁ tathānyān api yodha-vīrān mayā hatāṁs tvaṁ jahi mā vyathiṣhṭhā yudhyasva jetāsi raṇe sapatnān
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Slay Drona, Bhisma, Jayadratha, Karna, as well as other mighty warriors who have been doomed by Me. Do not feel distressed. Fight; you shall conquer your rivals in the battle."
"You destroy Drona, Bhisma, Jayadratha, Karna, and the other heroic warriors who have been killed by Me. Do not be afraid. Fight! You will conquer the enemies in battle."
"Drona, Bhishma, Jayadratha, Karna, and other brave warriors have already been slain by Me; do not be distressed with fear; fight and you shall conquer your enemies in battle."
"Slay Drona, Bhisma, Jayadratha, and Karna, as well as the other heroes of the world—all already slain by Me. Do not be distressed; fight, and you shall vanquish your enemies in the battle."
"Drona, Bheeshma, Jayadratha, Karna, and other brave warriors - I have condemned them all. Destroy them; fight without fear. Your foes shall be crushed.""
"11.34 द्रोणम् Drona? च and? भीष्मम् Bhishma? च and? जयद्रथम् Jayadratha? च and? कर्णम् Karna? तथा also? अन्यान् others? अपि also? योधवीरान् brave warriors? मया by Me? हतान् slain? त्वम् thou? जहि do kill? मा not? व्यथिष्ठाः be distressed with fear? युध्यस्व fight? जेतासि shall coner? रणे in the battle? सपत्नान् the enemies.Commentary Already slain by Me Therefore? O Arjuna? you need not be afraid of incurring sin by killing them.Drona had celestial weapons. He was Arjunas teacher in the science of archery. He was Arjunas beloved and greatest Guru. Bhishma also possessed celetial weapons. He could die only if and when he wanted to die. He once faught singlehanded with Lord Parasurama and was not defeated. So powerful was he.The father of Jayadratha performed penance with a resolve the head of the man who may cause the head of my son to fall on the ground? shall also fall. During the war? however? Arjunas arrow cuts the head and drops it on the lap of the father who? inadvertently? makes it fall on the ground he too dies at once. Karna? the son of the Sungod? had obtained an unerring missile from Indra."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 35
Verse 35 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
सञ्जय उवाच एतच्छ्रुत्वा वचनं केशवस्य कृताञ्जलिर्वेपमानः किरीटी। नमस्कृत्वा भूय एवाह कृष्णं सगद्गदं भीतभीतः प्रणम्य।।11.35।।
TRANSLITERATION
sañjaya uvācha etach chhrutvā vachanaṁ keśhavasya kṛitāñjalir vepamānaḥ kirīṭī namaskṛitvā bhūya evāha kṛiṣhṇaṁ sa-gadgadaṁ bhīta-bhītaḥ praṇamya
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Sanjaya said, Having heard this speech of Krsna, Arjuna did Him obeisance; and trembling with awe, he bowed down again, and with folded palms, his voice choked with emotion, he spoke to Krsna."
"Sanjaya said: Hearing this utterance of Kesava, Kiriti (Arjuna), with joined palms and trembling, prostrated himself, and then, with a faltering voice, bowed down and overcome by fits of fear, said again to Krsna:"
"Sanjaya said, Having heard that speech of Lord Krishna, Arjuna, with joined palms, trembling, prostrated himself, again addressing Krishna in a choked voice, bowing down, overwhelmed with fear."
"Sanjaya said, On hearing this speech of Kesava, the crowned-prince Arjuna had his palms folded; trembling, he prostrated himself to Krsna; stammering, and very much afraid, he bowed down and spoke to Him again."
"Sanjaya continued: "Having heard these words from the Lord Shri Krishna, the Prince Arjuna, with folded hands trembling, prostrated himself and with a choked voice, bowing down again and again, and overwhelmed with awe, once more addressed the Lord."
"11.35 एतत् that? श्रुत्वा having heard? वचनम् speech? केशवस्य of Kesava? कृताञ्जलिः with joined palms? वेपमानः trembling? किरीटि Arjuna? नमस्कृत्वा prostrating (himself)? भूयः again? एव even? आह addressed? कृष्णम् to Krishna? सगद्गदम् in a choked voice? भीतभीतः overwhelmed with fear? प्रणम्य having prostrated.Commentary When anyone is in a state of extreme terror or joy he sheds tears on account of pain or exhilaration of spirits. Then his throat is choked and he stammers or speaks indistinctly or in a dull? choked voice. Arjuna was extremely frightened when he saw the Cosmic Form and so he spoke in a stammering tone.There is great significane in Sanjayas words. He thought that Dhritarashtra might come to terms or make peace with the Pandavas when he knew that his sons would certainly be killed for want of proper support when Drona and Karna would be killed by Arjuna. He hoped that conseently there would be peace and happiness to both the parties. But Dhritarashtra was obstinate he did not listen to this suggestion on account of the force of destiny."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 36
Verse 36 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अर्जुन उवाच स्थाने हृषीकेश तव प्रकीर्त्या जगत् प्रहृष्यत्यनुरज्यते च। रक्षांसि भीतानि दिशो द्रवन्ति सर्वे नमस्यन्ति च सिद्धसङ्घाः।।11.36।।
TRANSLITERATION
arjuna uvācha sthāne hṛiṣhīkeśha tava prakīrtyā jagat prahṛiṣhyaty anurajyate cha rakṣhānsi bhītāni diśho dravanti sarve namasyanti cha siddha-saṅghāḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Arjuna said, Rightly it is, O Krsna, that Your praise should move the world to joy and love. The rakshasas flee in fear on all sides, and all the hosts of siddhas bow down to You."
"Arjuna said, "O Hrsikesa, it is proper that the world be delighted and attracted by Your praise; that the Raksasas, stricken with fear, run in all directions; and that all the groups of the Siddhas bow down to You.""
"Arjuna said, "It is fitting, O Krishna, that the world delights and rejoices in Your praise; demons fly in fear in all directions and the hosts of the perfected ones bow to You.""
"Arjuna said, "O Lord of sense-organs (Krsna)! The universe is rightly rejoicing and feeling exceedingly delighted by Your high glory; the demons are fleeing in fear in all directions; and the hosts of the perfected ones are bowing down to You.""
"Arjuna said: My Lord! It is natural for the world to revel and rejoice when singing praises of Your glory; the demons fly in fear and the saints offer You their salutations."
"11.36 स्थाने it is meet? हृषीकेश O Krishna? तव Thy? प्रकीर्त्या by praise? जगत् the world? प्रहृष्यति is delighted? अनुरज्यते rejoices? च and? रक्षांसि the demons? भीतानि in fear? दिशः to all arters? द्रवन्ति fly? सर्वे all? नमस्यन्ति bow (to Thee)? च and? सिद्धसङ्घाः the hosts of the perfected ones.Commentary Praise description of the glory of the Lord. The Lord is the object worthy of adortion? love and delight? because He is the Self and friend of all beings.The Lord is the object of adoration? love and delight for the following reason also. He is the primal cause even of Brahma? the Creator of the universe."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 37
Verse 37 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
कस्माच्च ते न नमेरन्महात्मन् गरीयसे ब्रह्मणोऽप्यादिकर्त्रे। अनन्त देवेश जगन्निवास त्वमक्षरं सदसत्तत्परं यत्।।11.37।।
TRANSLITERATION
kasmāch cha te na nameran mahātman garīyase brahmaṇo ’py ādi-kartre ananta deveśha jagan-nivāsa tvam akṣharaṁ sad-asat tat paraṁ yat
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"(a) And why should they not, O Mahatma, bow down to You who are great, being the first Creator, even of Brahma? (b) O Infinite, Lord of gods, O You who have the universe as Your abode! You are the imperishable individual self, the existent and the non-existent, and that which is beyond both."
"And why should they not bow down to You, O exalted One, who are greater than all and who are the first Creator even of Brahma! O infinite One, supreme God, Abode of the Universe, You are the Immutable, being and non-being, and that which is Transcendental."
"And why should they not, O great Soul, bow to Thee Who art greater than all else, the primal cause even of the Creator (Brahma), O Infinite Being, O Lord of the gods, O Abode of the universe; Thou art the imperishable, the Being, the non-being, and That which is supreme—that which is beyond the Being and the non-being."
"O Mighty One! Why should they not bow down to You, the Primal Creator, Who is greater than even Brahma (personal god)? O Endless One, O Lord of gods, O Abode of the universe! You are unalterable, existent, non-existent, and also that which is beyond both."
"How else should they do? O Supreme Self, greater than the powers of creation, the first cause, infinite, the Lord of Lords, the home of the universe, imperishable, being and non-being, yet transcending both."
"11.37 कस्मात् why? च and? ते they? न not? नमेरन् may prostrate? महात्मन् O greatsouled One? गरीयसे greater? ब्रह्मणः of Brahma? अपि also? आदिकर्त्रे the primal cause? अनन्त O Infinite Being? देवेश O Lord of the gods? जगन्निवास O Abode of the universe? त्वम् Thou? अक्षरम् Imperishable? सत् the Being? असत् nonbeing? तत् That? परम् the Supreme? यत् which.Commentary The Lord is Mahatma. He is greater than all else. He is the imperishable. So He is the proper object of worship? love and delight.That which exists in the three periods of time is Sat. Brahman is Sat. That which does not exist in the three periods of time is Asat. This world is Asat. This body is Asat.The words Sat and Asat mean here the manifested and the unmanifested which form the adjuncts of the Akshara (imperishable). In reality the Akshara transcends both these. The word Akshara is applied in the Gita sometimes to the Unmanifest (Nature) and sometimes to the Supreme Being.Ananta is He Who is free from the three kinds of limitations (of time? space and thing) which have already been explained.Arjuna again praises the Lord thus"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 38
Verse 38 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
त्वमादिदेवः पुरुषः पुराण स्त्वमस्य विश्वस्य परं निधानम्। वेत्तासि वेद्यं च परं च धाम त्वया ततं विश्वमनन्तरूप।।11.38।।
TRANSLITERATION
tvam ādi-devaḥ puruṣhaḥ purāṇas tvam asya viśhvasya paraṁ nidhānam vettāsi vedyaṁ cha paraṁ cha dhāma tvayā tataṁ viśhvam ananta-rūpa
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"(a) You are the Primal God and the Ancient One. You are the Supreme resting place of the universe... (b)...You are the Knower and the object of knowledge, and the Supreme Abode. Through You, O infinite of form, is this universe pervaded."
"You are the primal Deity, the ancient Person; You are the supreme Refuge of this world. You are the knower and the object of knowledge, and the supreme Abode. O You of infinite forms, You pervade the Universe!"
"You are the primal God, the ancient Purusha, the supreme refuge of this universe, the knower, the knowable, and the supreme Abode. Through You, the universe is pervaded, O Being of infinite forms."
"You are the Primal God; You are the Ancient Soul; You are the transcendent place of rest for this universe; You are the knower and the knowable; You are the Highest Abode; and the universe with its infinite forms is pervaded by You."
"You are the Primal God, the Ancient One, the Supreme Abode of this universe, the Knower, the Knowledge, and the Final Home. You fill everything. Your form is infinite."
"11.38 त्वम् Thou? आदिदेवः the primal God? पुरुषः Purusha? पुराणः the ancient? त्वम् Thou? अस्य of (this)? विश्वस्य of Universe? परम् the Supreme? निधानम् Refuge? वेत्ता Knower? असि (Thou) art? वेद्यम् to be known? च and? परम् the Supreme? च and? धाम abode? त्वया by Thee? ततम् is pervaded? विश्वम् the Universe? अनन्तरूप O Being of infinite forms.Commentary Primal God? because the Lord is the creator of the universe.Purusha? because the Lord lies in the body (Puri Sayanat).Nidhaanam That in which the world rests during the great deluge or cosmic dissolution.The pot comes out of the clay and gets merged in clay. Even so the world has come out of the Lord and gets dissolved or involved in the Lord. So the Lord is the material cause of the world. Therefore? He is the primal God and the supreme refuge also.Vetta Knower of the knowable things. As the Lord is omniscient? He knows all about the world? and He is the instrumental or the efficient cause of this world.Param Dhama Supreme Abode of Vishnu. Just as the rope (the substratum for the superimposed snake) pervades the snake? so also Brahman or Vishnu through His Nature as ExistenceKnowledgeBliss Absolute pervades the whole universe.Moreover -- "
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 39
Verse 39 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
वायुर्यमोऽग्निर्वरुणः शशाङ्कः प्रजापतिस्त्वं प्रपितामहश्च। नमो नमस्तेऽस्तु सहस्रकृत्वः पुनश्च भूयोऽपि नमो नमस्ते।।11.39।।
TRANSLITERATION
vāyur yamo ’gnir varuṇaḥ śhaśhāṅkaḥ prajāpatis tvaṁ prapitāmahaśh cha namo namas te ’stu sahasra-kṛitvaḥ punaśh cha bhūyo ’pi namo namas te
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"(a) You are Yayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, Sashanka, Prajapati, and the great-grandsire. (b) Hail to You a thousand times! Hail to You again and yet again!"
"You are air, death, fire, the god of the waters, the moon, the Lord of creatures, and the great-grandfather. Salutations to you a thousand times! Salutations to you again and again! Salutations!"
"You are Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the moon, the Creator, and the great-grandfather. I offer my salutations to You a thousand times, and again I offer my salutations to You."
"You are Vayu, Yama, Agni, Varuna, the Moon, Prajapati, and the great-paternal-grandfather; I offer salutations to You a thousand times, and again, even more salutations to You."
"You are the wind, you are death, you are the fire, the water, the moon, the father, and the grandfather. Honor and glory to you a thousand and a thousand times! Again and again, salutations to you, O my Lord!"
"11.39 वायुः Vayu? यमः Yama? अग्निः Agni? वरुणः Varuna? शशाङ्कः moon? प्रजापतिः Prajapati? त्वम् Thou? प्रपितामहः greatgrandfather? च and? नमःनमः salutations? ते to Thee? अस्तु be? सहस्रकृत्वः thousand times? पुनः again? च and? भूयः again? अपि also ? नमःनमः salutations? ते to Thee.Commentary Prajapati Marichi and others were the seven mindborn sons of Brahma. Kasyapa descended from Marichi and from Kasyapa came all other progeny. Therefore? Marichi? Kasyapa and others are known as Prajapatis or the gods or progeny. The word Prajapati here is interpreted by some as Kasyapa and other Prajapatis. But as the word has been used here in the singular number it is appropriate to take Brahma as Prajapati. Brahma is the grandfather (Pitamaha) of Kasyapa. Brahma or the Hiranyagarbha is the Karya Brahman (effect). Isvara is the Karana Brahman (the cause for Brahma). Therefore? Isvara is the greatgrandfather. He is the father of,even Brahma.Isvara has Maya as the limiting adjunct. Maya is His causal body. Isvara has no plane. Maya is in an undifferentiated state. She is in a state where the alities of Nature (Gunas) are in eilibrium. When the eilibrium is disturbed through the will of Isvara? the three Gunas? Brahma? Vishnu and Siva manifest.Thou art the moon alludes to and includes the sun also.Punah? Bhuyah Again. Salutations a thousand times and again salutations. This indicates that Arjuna had intense faith in and boundless devotion for Lord Krishna. He was not satisfied even if he prostrated himself a thousand times."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 40
Verse 40 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
नमः पुरस्तादथ पृष्ठतस्ते नमोऽस्तु ते सर्वत एव सर्व। अनन्तवीर्यामितविक्रमस्त्वं सर्वं समाप्नोषि ततोऽसि सर्वः।।11.40।।
TRANSLITERATION
namaḥ purastād atha pṛiṣhṭhatas te namo ’stu te sarvata eva sarva ananta-vīryāmita-vikramas tvaṁ sarvaṁ samāpnoṣhi tato ’si sarvaḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"(a) Salutations to You from before and behind! Salutations to You from all sides, O All!৷৷. (b) ৷৷. O You of infinite prowess and heroic action, which are measureless! You pervade all beings, and therefore, You are all."
"Salutations to You in the East and behind. Salutations to You on all sides indeed, O All! You possess infinite strength and infinite heroism. You pervade everything; thus You are all!"
"Salutations to You in front and behind! Salutations to You on every side! O All! You, infinite in power and prowess, pervade all; therefore You are all."
"Salutations to You in front and behind; salutations to You on all sides, O One Who is All! You are of infinite might and immeasurable power; and You pervade all, and thus You are all."
"Salutations to Thee in front and on all sides, Thou who encompasseth me round about. Thy power is infinite; Thy majesty immeasurable; Thou upholdest all things; indeed, Thou Thyself art All."
"11.40 नमः salutation? पुरस्तात् (from) front? अथ also? पृष्ठतः (from) behind? ते to Thee? नमः salutation? अस्तु be? ते to Thee? सर्वतः on every side? एव even? सर्व O all? अनन्तवीर्य infinite power? अमितविक्रमः infinite in prowess? त्वम् Thou? सर्वम् all? समाप्नोषि pervadest? ततः wherefore? असि (Thou) art? सर्वः all.Commentary The words I prostrate myself before Thee? behind Thee and on every side indicate the allpervading nature of the Lord. How can the allpervading Self have front and back Finite objects only have front and back sides Arjuna imagined that there were front and back sides to the Lord and so prostrated himself in his extreme faith and devotion.O All Nothing exists without Thee. As the Self is allpervading? He is called the All. There is nothing except the Self.On every side? as Thou art present everywhere or in all arters.One may be powerful but may not possess the courage to kill the enemies or he may be endowed with a mild form of courge but the Lord is infinite in courage and infinite in power.Pervadest by Thy One Self."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 41
Verse 41 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
सखेति मत्वा प्रसभं यदुक्तं हे कृष्ण हे यादव हे सखेति। अजानता महिमानं तवेदं मया प्रमादात्प्रणयेन वापि।।11.41।।
TRANSLITERATION
sakheti matvā prasabhaṁ yad uktaṁ he kṛiṣhṇa he yādava he sakheti ajānatā mahimānaṁ tavedaṁ mayā pramādāt praṇayena vāpi
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Unaware of Your majesty, and either out of negligence or love, or considering You to be a friend, whatever I have said rudely, such as 'O Krsna, O Yadava, O Comrade,'"
"Without knowing Your greatness, whatever I said rashly, inadvertently, or even out of familiarity, thinking You to be a friend, addressing You as 'O Krsna,' 'O Yadava,' 'O friend,' etc."
"Whatever I have presumptuously said from carelessness or love, addressing You as O Krishna! O Yadava! O Friend! regarding You merely as a friend, unknowing of Your greatness."
"Taking You as a companion, not knowing Your greatness, and out of carelessness or even affection, whatever I have importunately called You—O Krsna, O Yadava, O Comrade—"
"Whatever I have said to you in rashness, taking you only as a friend and addressing you as “O Krishna! O Yadava! O Friend!” in thoughtless familiarity, without understanding your greatness;"
"11.41 सखा friend? इति as? मत्वा regarding? प्रसभम् presumptuously? यत् whatever? उक्तम् said? हे कृष्ण O Krishna? हे यादव O Yadava? हे सखा O friend? इति thus? अजानता unknowing? महिमानम् greatness? तव Thy? इदम् this? मया by me? प्रमादात् from carelessness? प्रणयेन due to love? वा or? अपि even.No Commentary."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 42
Verse 42 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
यच्चावहासार्थमसत्कृतोऽसि विहारशय्यासनभोजनेषु। एकोऽथवाप्यच्युत तत्समक्षं तत्क्षामये त्वामहमप्रमेयम्।।11.42।।
TRANSLITERATION
yach chāvahāsārtham asat-kṛito ’si vihāra-śhayyāsana-bhojaneṣhu eko ’tha vāpy achyuta tat-samakṣhaṁ tat kṣhāmaye tvām aham aprameyam
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"And whatever disrespect has been shown to You in jest, while playing, resting, sitting, or eating, whether alone or in the presence of others, O Acyuta—I implore You for forgiveness, You who are incomprehensible."
"And that You have been discourteously treated out of fun—while walking, while on a bed, while on a seat, while eating, in privacy, or, O Acyuta, even in public—for that, I beg pardon of You, the incomprehensible One."
"In whatever way I may have insulted You for the sake of fun, while at play, reposing, sitting, or at meals, when alone (with You), O Krishna, or in company, that I implore You, immeasurable one, to forgive."
"Whatever disrespect I have shown to You, making fun of You in the course of play, or while on the bed, or on the seat, or at meals, either alone or in the presence of respectable persons—for that, I beg pardon of You, the Unconceivable One, O Acyuta!"
"Whatever insults I have offered to You in jest, in sport, in repose, in conversation, or at a banquet, alone or in a crowd, I ask for Your forgiveness for them all, O You Who are without equal!"
"11.42 यत् whatever? च and? अवहासार्थम् for the sake of fun? असत्कृतः disrespected? असि (Thou) art? विहारशय्यासनभोजनेषु while at play? on bed? while sitting or at meals? एकः (when) one? अथवा or? अपि even? अच्युत O Krishna? तत् so? समक्षम् in company? तत् that? क्षामये implore to forgive? त्वाम् Thee? अहम् I? अप्रमेयम् immeasurable.Commentary Arjuna? beholding the Cosmic Form of Lord Krishna? seeks forgiveness for his past familiar conduct. He says? I have been stupid. I have treated Thee with familiarity? not knowing Thy greatness. I have taken Thee as my friend on account of misconception. I have behaved badly with Thee. Thou art the origin of this universe and yet I have joked with Thee. I have taken undue liberties with Thee. Kindly forgive me? O Lord.Tat All those offences.Achyuta He who is unchanging.In company In the presence of others.Aprameyam Immeasurable. He Who has unthinkable glory and splendour."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 43
Verse 43 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
पितासि लोकस्य चराचरस्य त्वमस्य पूज्यश्च गुरुर्गरीयान्। न त्वत्समोऽस्त्यभ्यधिकः कुतोऽन्यो लोकत्रयेऽप्यप्रतिमप्रभाव।।11.43।।
TRANSLITERATION
pitāsi lokasya charācharasya tvam asya pūjyaśh cha gurur garīyān na tvat-samo ’sty abhyadhikaḥ kuto ’nyo loka-traye ’py apratima-prabhāva
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"You are the father of this world, of all that moves and does not move. You are its teacher and the one most worthy of reverence. There is none equal to You. How then could there be in the three worlds another greater than You, O Being of matchless greatness?"
"You are the Father of all beings, both moving and non-moving; to You, the Teacher, are they worthy of worship, and You are greater than a teacher. There is none equal to You; how can there be anyone greater even in all the three worlds, O You of unrivaled power?"
"Thou art the Father of this world, both moving and unmoving. Thou art to be adored by this world; Thou, the greatest Guru; for none exists who is equal to Thee; how then could there be another superior to Thee in the three worlds, O Being of unrivaled power?"
"You are the father of the world of the moving and the unmoving; you are the great preceptor of this universe; in the triad of worlds, there is no one equal to you—how can there be anyone else superior, having greatness not comprehended?"
"For you are the Father of all things movable and immovable, the Worshipful, the Master of Masters! In all the worlds, there is none equal to you; how then could there be one superior, O you who stand alone, Supreme?"
"11.43 पिता Father? असि (Thou) art? लोकस्य of the world? चराचरस्य of the moving and unmoving? त्वम् Thou? अस्य of this? पूज्यः to be reserved? च and? गुरुः the Guru? गरीयान् weightier? न not? त्वत्समः eal to Thee? अस्ति is? अभ्यधिकः surpassing? कुतः whence? अन्यः other? लोकत्रये in the three worlds? अपि also? अप्रतिमप्रभाव O Being of unealled power.Commentary There exists none who is eal to Thee There cannot be two or more Isvaras. If there were? the world will not get on as it does now. All the Isvaras may not be of one mind? as they would all be independent of one another. What one wishes to create? another may wish to destroyWhen there does not exist one who is eal to Thee? how could there be one superior to TheeFather Creator. As the Lord is the creator of this world He is fit to be adored. He is the greatest Guru also. Therefore there is no one who is eal to the Lord."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 44
Verse 44 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
तस्मात्प्रणम्य प्रणिधाय कायं प्रसादये त्वामहमीशमीड्यम्। पितेव पुत्रस्य सखेव सख्युः प्रियः प्रियायार्हसि देव सोढुम्।।11.44।।
TRANSLITERATION
tasmāt praṇamya praṇidhāya kāyaṁ prasādaye tvām aham īśham īḍyam piteva putrasya sakheva sakhyuḥ priyaḥ priyāyārhasi deva soḍhum
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Therefore, bowing down and prostrating my body, I implore Your mercy, O adorable Lord. As a father listens to his son or a friend to his friend, it is fitting, O Lord, that You, who are dear to me, should bear with me who am dear to You."
"Therefore, by bowing down and prostrating my body, I seek to propitiate You who are God and are adorable. O Lord, You should forgive my faults as a father would forgive the faults of a son, as a friend would forgive the faults of a friend, and as a lover would forgive the faults of a beloved."
"Therefore, bowing down and prostrating my body, I crave Thy forgiveness, O adorable Lord. As a father forgives his son, a friend his dear friend, a lover his beloved, even so may Thou forgive me, O God."
"Hence, paying homage and prostrating my body, I solicit grace from You, the praiseworthy Lord. O God! Be pleased to bear with me, just as a beloved father would with his beloved son, and just as a dear friend would with his dear friend."
"Therefore, I prostrate myself before You, O Lord! Most Adorable! I salute You, and I ask for Your blessing. Only You can be trusted to bear with me, like a father to a son, like a friend to a friend, and like a lover to his beloved."
"11.44 तस्मात् therefore? प्रणम्य saluting? प्रणिधाय having bent? कायम् body? प्रसादये crave forgiveness? त्वाम् Thee? अहम् I? ईशम् the Lord? ईड्यम् adorable? पिता father? प्रियः beloved? प्रियायाः to the beloved? अर्हसि (Thou) shouldst? देव O God? सोढुम् to bear.Commentary O Lord? take me to Thy bosom as a mother does her child. Forgive me for all tht I have hitherto spoken or done. Forgive my faults. Please overlook my past mistakes. I have done this through ignorance. Now I have come to Thee in submission. I beg Your pardon now."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 45
Verse 45 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अदृष्टपूर्वं हृषितोऽस्मि दृष्ट्वा भयेन च प्रव्यथितं मनो मे। तदेव मे दर्शय देव रूपं प्रसीद देवेश जगन्निवास।।11.45।।
TRANSLITERATION
adṛiṣhṭa-pūrvaṁ hṛiṣhito ’smi dṛiṣhṭvā bhayena cha pravyathitaṁ mano me tad eva me darśhaya deva rūpaṁ prasīda deveśha jagan-nivāsa
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Seeing something never seen before, I am delighted. But my mind is also filled with awe. Show me, O Lord! Your other form. O Lord of the gods! Be gracious, O Abode of the universe!"
"I am delighted by seeing something I have not seen before, and my mind is stricken with fear. O Lord, show me that very form; O Supreme God, O Abode of the Universe, be gracious!"
"I am delighted, having seen something never seen before; yet my mind is distressed with fear. Show me that form only, O God; have mercy, O God of gods, O Abode of the universe."
"I am thrilled by what I have not seen before; my mind is greatly distressed with fear; show me Your usual form, O God! Lord of gods! O Abode of the worlds!"
"I rejoice that I have seen what no man has ever seen before; yet, O Lord! I am overwhelmed with fear. Please take on the form I know. Be merciful, O Lord! You who are the home of the entire universe."
"11.45 अदृष्टपूर्वम् what was never seen before? हृषितः delighted? अस्मि (I) am? दृष्ट्वा having seen? भयेन with fear? च and? प्रव्यथितम् is distressed? मनः mind? मे my? तत् that? एव only? मे to me? दर्शय show? देव O God? रूपम् form? प्रसीद have mercy? देवेश O Lord of the gods? जगन्निवास O Aboe of the universe.Commentary For an ordinary man the Cosmic Form (Vision) is overwhelming and terrifying but for a Yogi it is encouraging? strengthening and soulelevating.Arjuna says The Cosmic Form was never before seen by me. Show me only that form which Thou wearest as my friend."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 46
Verse 46 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
किरीटिनं गदिनं चक्रहस्त मिच्छामि त्वां द्रष्टुमहं तथैव। तेनैव रूपेण चतुर्भुजेन सहस्रबाहो भव विश्वमूर्ते।।11.46।।
TRANSLITERATION
kirīṭinaṁ gadinaṁ chakra-hastam ichchhāmi tvāṁ draṣhṭum ahaṁ tathaiva tenaiva rūpeṇa chatur-bhujena sahasra-bāho bhava viśhva-mūrte
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"I wish to see You ever as before, with crown and mace and discus in hand. Assume again that four-armed shape, O Thou the thousand-armed, of Universal Form!"
"I want to see You just as before, wearing a crown, wielding a mace, and holding a disc in hand. O You with a thousand arms, O You of Cosmic form, appear with that very form with four hands."
"I desire to see You as before, crowned, bearing a mace, with the discus in hand, in Your former form only, having four arms, O thousand-armed, Cosmic Being."
"I desire to see You in the same manner, wearing a crown, holding the club and the discus in Your hands; please be with the same form having four hands, O Thousand-armed One! O Universal Form!"
"I long to see Thee as Thou wert before, with the crown, the scepter, and the discus in Thy hands; in Thy other form, with Thy four hands, O Thou whose arms are countless and whose forms are infinite."
"11.46 किरीटिनम् wearing crown? गदिनम् bearing a mace? चक्रहस्तम् with a discus in the hand? इच्छामि (I) desire? त्वाम् Thee? द्रष्टुम् to see? अहम् I? तथैव as before? तेनैव that same? रूपेण of form? चतुर्भुजेन (by) fourarmed? सहस्रबाहो O thousandarmed? भव be? विश्वमूर्ते O Universal Form.Commentary Arjuna says O Lord in the Cosmic Form I do not know where to turn and to whom to address myself. I am frightened. I am longing to see Thee with conch? discus? mace and lotus. Withdraw Thy Cosmic Form. Assume that same fourarmed form as before.Spiritual aspirants are ofen impatient to have the highest spiritual experiences immediately they begin their Sadhana. This is wrong. They will not be able to withstand the great power that will,surge into them. Be patientO thousandarmed refers to the Cosmic Form."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 47
Verse 47 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
श्री भगवानुवाच मया प्रसन्नेन तवार्जुनेदं रूपं परं दर्शितमात्मयोगात्। तेजोमयं विश्वमनन्तमाद्यं यन्मे त्वदन्येन न दृष्टपूर्वम्।।11.47।।
TRANSLITERATION
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha mayā prasannena tavārjunedaṁ rūpaṁ paraṁ darśhitam ātma-yogāt tejo-mayaṁ viśhvam anantam ādyaṁ yan me tvad anyena na dṛiṣhṭa-pūrvam
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"The Lord said, "By My grace, O Arjuna, this Supreme Form, luminous, universal, infinite, and primal—never seen before by anyone but you—has been revealed to you through My own free will.""
"The Blessed Lord said, Out of grace, O Arjuna, this supreme, radiant, cosmic, infinite, primeval form—which no one other than you has seen before—has been shown to you by Me through the power of My own Yoga."
"The Blessed Lord said, "O Arjuna, this Cosmic Form has graciously been shown to you by Me through My own Yogic power. It is full of splendour, primeval, and infinite; this Cosmic Form of Mine has never been seen before by anyone other than you.""
"The Bhagavat said, "Being gracious towards you, I have shown you, O Arjuna, this supreme form, as a result of your concentration on the Self. This form of Mine, full of universal splendour, unending and primal, has never been seen before by anyone other than yourself.""
"Lord Shri Krishna replied: My beloved friend! It is only through My grace and power that you have been able to see this vision of splendour, the Universal, the Infinite, the Original. Never has it been seen by anyone else."
"11.47 मया by Me? प्रसन्नेन gracious? तव to thee? अर्जुन O Arjuna? इदम् this? रूपम् form? परम् supreme? दर्शितम् has been shown? आत्मयोगात् by My own Yogic power? तेजोमयम् full of splendour? विश्वम् universal? अनन्तम् endless? आद्यम् primeval? यत् which? मे of Me? त्वत् from thee? अन्येन by another? न not? दृष्टपूर्वम् seen before.Commentary Lord Krishna eulogises the Cosmic Form because Arjuna should be regarded to have achieved all his ends by seeing this Cosmic Form.It is also an inducement to all spiritual aspirants to strive to attain this sublime vision. What they should do is explained by the Lord in verse 53 to 55."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 48
Verse 48 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
न वेदयज्ञाध्ययनैर्न दानै र्न च क्रियाभिर्न तपोभिरुग्रैः। एवंरूपः शक्य अहं नृलोके द्रष्टुं त्वदन्येन कुरुप्रवीर।।11.48।।
TRANSLITERATION
na veda-yajñādhyayanair na dānair na cha kriyābhir na tapobhir ugraiḥ evaṁ-rūpaḥ śhakya ahaṁ nṛi-loke draṣhṭuṁ tvad anyena kuru-pravīra
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Neither through the study of the Vedas, nor by sacrifices, nor by recitations of the scriptures, nor by gifts, nor by rituals, nor by strict austerities can I be realized in a form like this in the world of men by anyone else but you. O Arjuna!"
"Not by the study of the Vedas and sacrifices, not by gifts, not even by rituals, nor by severe austerities, can I, in this form, be perceived in the human world by anyone other than you, O most valiant among the Kurus, who has not received My grace."
"Neither by the study of the Vedas, nor by gifts, nor by sacrifices, nor by severe austerities, can I be seen in this form in the world of men by any other than yourself, O great hero of the Kurus (Arjuna)."
"Not by the knowledge of the Vedas and sacrifices, nor by making gifts, nor by the rituals, nor by severe austerities, can I be seen in this form in the world of men by anyone other than yourself, O great hero of the Kurus!"
"It is not possible for man on earth to see what thou hast seen, O thou foremost hero of the Kuru-clan, through study of the scriptures, sacrifice or gift, ritual or rigorous austerity!"
"11.48 न not? वेदयज्ञाध्ययनैः by the study of the Vedas and of Yajnas? न not? दानैः by gifts? न not? च and? क्रियाभिः by rituals? न not? तपोभिः by austerities? उग्रैः severe? एवंरूपः in such form? शक्यः (am) possible? अहम् I? नृलोके in the world of men? द्रष्टुम् to be seen? त्वत् than thee? अन्येन by another? कुरुप्रवीर O great hero of the Kurus.Commentary Mere cramming of the texts of the Vedas without knowing the meaning will not do. A study of the sacrifices also is necessary. One should know the meaning of these? also.Dana Charity such as a Tula Purusha (gift of gold eal in weight of a man) Kanyadana (gift of ones daughther in marriage)? gift of a cow? rice? etc.Kriya Rituals such as Agnihotra.Tapas Such as the Chandrayana Vrata. (This is a kind of Vrata or observance. The daily consumption of food is reduced by one mouthful every day for the dark half of the month beginning with the fullmoon. Then the food is increased by one mouthful every day during the bright fortnight during the increase of the moon. This Vrata (observance) is a great purifier of the mind. It destroys sins.)"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 49
Verse 49 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
मा ते व्यथा मा च विमूढभावो दृष्ट्वा रूपं घोरमीदृङ्ममेदम्। व्यपेतभीः प्रीतमनाः पुनस्त्वं तदेव मे रूपमिदं प्रपश्य।।11.49।।
TRANSLITERATION
mā te vyathā mā cha vimūḍha-bhāvo dṛiṣhṭvā rūpaṁ ghoram īdṛiṅ mamedam vyapeta-bhīḥ prīta-manāḥ punas tvaṁ tad eva me rūpam idaṁ prapaśhya
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"You need not fear any longer, nor be perplexed, looking upon this awe-inspiring form of Mine. Free from fear and with a gladdened heart, behold once again that other form of Mine."
"May you have no fear, and may there be no bewilderment upon seeing this form of Mine so terrible. Becoming free from fear and gladdened in mind once again, behold this earlier form of Mine."
"Do not be afraid, nor be bewildered on seeing such a terrible form of Mine; with your fear dispelled and with a gladdened heart, now behold again this former form of Mine."
"Let there be no distress or bewilderment in you upon seeing this terrifying and violent form of Mine; be free from fear, and with a cheerful heart, behold again this form of Mine which is the same as before."
"Do not be afraid or confused by the terrible vision. Put away your fear and, with a joyful mind, see Me again in My usual form."
"11.49 मा not? ते thee? व्यथा fear? मा not? च and? विमूढभावः bewildered state? दृष्ट्वा having seen? रूपम् form? घोरम् terrible? ईदृक् such? मम My? इदम् this? व्यपेतभीः with (thy) fear dispelled? प्रीतमनाः with gladdened heart? पुनः again? त्वम् thou? तत् that? एव even? मे My? रूपम् form? इदम् this? प्रपश्य behold.Commentary Former form is the form with four hands with conch? discus? club or mace and lotus.The Lord was Arjuna in a state of terror. Therefore? He withdrew the Cosmic Form and assumed His usual gentle form. He consoled Arjuna and spoke sweet? loving words."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 50
Verse 50 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
सञ्जय उवाच इत्यर्जुनं वासुदेवस्तथोक्त्वा स्वकं रूपं दर्शयामास भूयः। आश्वासयामास च भीतमेनं भूत्वा पुनः सौम्यवपुर्महात्मा।।11.50।।
TRANSLITERATION
sañjaya uvācha ity arjunaṁ vāsudevas tathoktvā svakaṁ rūpaṁ darśhayām āsa bhūyaḥ āśhvāsayām āsa cha bhītam enaṁ bhūtvā punaḥ saumya-vapur mahātmā
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Sanjaya said, Having thus spoken to Arjuna, Sri Krsna once more revealed His own form. The Mahatman, assuming a benign form again, reassured him who had been struck with awe."
"Sanjaya said, Thus, having spoken to Arjuna in that manner, Vasudeva showed His own form again. And He, the exalted One, reassured this terrified one by again becoming serene in his form."
"Sanjaya said, Having thus spoken to Arjuna, Krishna again showed His own form. The great Soul, assuming His gentle form, then consoled Arjuna, who was terrified."
"Having said this to Arjuna, Vasudeva revealed His own tiny form; assuming His gentle body once again, the Mighty Soul (Krsna) consoled the frightened Arjuna."
"Sanjaya continued: "Having thus spoken to Arjuna, Lord Shri Krishna showed Himself again in His accustomed form; and the Mighty Lord, in gentle tones, softly consoled him who had recently trembled with fear."
"11.50 इति thus? अर्जुनम् to Arjuna? वासुदेवः Vaasudeva? तथा so? उक्त्वा having spoken? स्वकम् His own? रूपम् form? दर्शयामास showed? भूयः again? आश्वासयामास consoled? च and? भीतम् who was terrified? एनम् him? भूत्वा having become? पुनः again? सौम्यवपुः of gentle form? महात्मा the greatsouled One.Commentary His own form His form as the son of Vasudeva."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 51
Verse 51 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
अर्जुन उवाच दृष्ट्वेदं मानुषं रूपं तवसौम्यं जनार्दन। इदानीमस्मि संवृत्तः सचेताः प्रकृतिं गतः।।11.51।।
TRANSLITERATION
arjuna uvācha dṛiṣhṭvedaṁ mānuṣhaṁ rūpaṁ tava saumyaṁ janārdana idānīm asmi saṁvṛittaḥ sa-chetāḥ prakṛitiṁ gataḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Arjuna said, "Having beheld Your human and pleasing form, O Krsna, I am now composed in mind and have been restored to my normal nature.""
"Arjuna said, "O Janardana, having seen this serene human form of Yours, I have now become calm in mind and restored to my own nature.""
"Arjuna said, "Having seen this Thy gentle human form, O Krishna, now I am composed and have been restored to my own nature.""
"Arjuna said, "On seeing this gentle human form of Yours, O Janardana, I have now regained my nature and collected my thinking faculty.""
"Arjuna said: Seeing You in Your gentle human form, my Lord, I am myself again, calm once more."
"11.51 दृष्ट्वा having seen? इदम् this? मानुषम् human? रूपम् form? तव Thy? सौम्यम् gentle? जनार्दन O Krishna? इदानीम् now? अस्मि (I) am? संवृत्तः composed? सचेताः with mind? प्रकृतिम् to nature? गतः restored.Commentary Arjuna says to Lord Krishna O Lord? I now behold Thy human form. Now my thoughts are collected and I am serene. I can speak. My senses perform their proper functions. My fear has vanished. Thou hast treated me as a mother would treat her erring child whom she embraces and nurses. Just as the calf rejoices when it beholds its mother who was missing for some days? so also I rejoice now when I behold Thy gentle form. I have drunk the nectar. Now I am alive."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 52
Verse 52 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
श्री भगवानुवाच सुदुर्दर्शमिदं रूपं दृष्टवानसि यन्मम। देवा अप्यस्य रूपस्य नित्यं दर्शनकाङ्क्षिणः।।11.52।।
TRANSLITERATION
śhrī-bhagavān uvācha su-durdarśham idaṁ rūpaṁ dṛiṣhṭavān asi yan mama devā apy asya rūpasya nityaṁ darśhana-kāṅkṣhiṇaḥ
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"The Lord said, "It is very hard to behold this form of Mine which you have seen. Even the gods everlong to behold this form.""
"The Blessed Lord said, "This form of Mine, which you have seen, is very difficult to behold; even the gods are ever desirous of a vision of this form.""
"The Blessed Lord said, "It is very hard indeed to see this form of Mine which thou hast seen; even the gods are ever longing to behold it.""
"The Bhagavat said, "This form of Mine, which you have just observed, is extremely difficult to behold; even the gods are ever eager to behold it.""
"Lord Shri Krishna replied: It is difficult to see the vision of Me that thou hast seen. Even the most powerful have longed for it in vain."
"11.52 सुदुर्दर्शम् very hard to see? इदम् this? रूपम् form? दृष्टवानसि thou hast seen? यत् which? मम My? देवाः gods? अपि also? अस्य (of) this? रूपस्य of form? नित्यम् ever? दर्शनकाङ्क्षिणः (are) desrious to behold.Commentary Lord Krishna says to Arjuna Though the gods long to behold the Cosmic Form yet they have not seen it as you have done. THey can never behold it.Just as the Chataka (a bird) longs for a drop of rain? eagerly turning its eyes towards the clouds? so also do gods yearn to behold the Cosmic Form but their wishes have not been gratified even in their dreams. Such is that marvellous vision which thou hast easily seen."
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 53
Verse 53 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
नाहं वेदैर्न तपसा न दानेन न चेज्यया। शक्य एवंविधो द्रष्टुं दृष्टवानसि मां यथा।।11.53।।
TRANSLITERATION
nāhaṁ vedair na tapasā na dānena na chejyayā śhakya evaṁ-vidho draṣhṭuṁ dṛiṣhṭavān asi māṁ yathā
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Sri Krishna says, "I cannot be seen in such a form as You have seen Me, not by the Vedas, nor by austerities, nor by gifts, nor by sacrifice.""
"Not through the Vedas, nor by austerity, nor by gifts, nor even by sacrifice can I be seen in this form as you have seen Me."
"Neither by the Vedas, nor by austerity, nor by gift, nor by sacrifice can I be seen in this form as thou hast seen Me so easily."
"Neither by reciting the Vedas, nor by observing austerity, nor by giving gifts, nor by performing sacrifice, can I be seen in this way as you have seen Me now."
"It is not possible to see Me as you have done through studying the scriptures, performing austerities, giving gifts, or making sacrifices."
"11.53 न not? अहम् I? वेदैः by the Vedas? न not? तपसा by austerity? न not? दानेन by gift? न not? च and? इज्यया by sacrifice? शक्यः (am) possible? एवंविधः like this? द्रष्टुम् to be seen? दृष्टवानसि (thou) hast seen? माम् Me? यथा as.Commentary This Cosmic Form which thou hast seen so easily cannot be obtained either by the study of the Vedas and the six modes of philosophy? nor by the practice of manifold austerities (penances)? nor by charity? nor by sacrifices of various kinds.Arjuna was indeed very fortunate in seeing the Cosmic Form.How can the Lord be seen Listen The heart must be overflowing with true devotion to Him. (Cf.XI.48)"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 54
Verse 54 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
भक्त्या त्वनन्यया शक्यमहमेवंविधोऽर्जुन। ज्ञातुं दृष्टुं च तत्त्वेन प्रवेष्टुं च परंतप।।11.54।।
TRANSLITERATION
bhaktyā tv ananyayā śhakya aham evaṁ-vidho ’rjuna jñātuṁ draṣhṭuṁ cha tattvena praveṣhṭuṁ cha parantapa
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"But by single-minded devotion, O Arjuna, it is possible to truly know, to see, and to enter into Me, who am of this form, O harasser of foes."
"But, O Arjuna, by single-minded devotion am I, in this form, able to be known and seen in reality, and also entered into, O destroyer of foes."
"But by single-minded devotion, I can be known, seen, and entered into in reality, O Arjuna."
"But, through an unwavering devotion, it is possible to know, observe, and even enter into Me, O Arjuna! O scorcher of foes!"
"Only through tireless devotion can I be seen and known; only in this way can a person become one with Me, O Arjuna!"
"11.54 भक्त्या by devotion? तु indeed? अनन्यया singleminded? शक्यः (am) possible? अहम् I? एवंविधः of this form? अर्जुन O Arjuna? ज्ञातुम् to know? दृष्टुम् to see? च and? तत्त्वेन in reality? प्रवेष्टुम् to enter into? च and? परंतप O Parantapa (O scorcher of the foes).Commentary Devotion is the sole means to the realisation of the Cosmic Form.AnanyaBhakti Singleminded devotion. Onepointed unbroken devotion the devotion which does not seek any other object but the Lord alone. In this type of devotion no object other than the Lord is experienced by any of the senses. Egoism and dualism totally vanish.Of this form refers to the Cosmic Form.By singleminded devotion it is possible not only to know Me as declared in the scriptures but also to realise Me? i.e.? to attain liberation. The devotee realises that the Lord is all this and He alone is the ultimate Reality. When he gets this experience of illumination he gets merged in Him. (Cf.VIII.22X.10)"
विश्वरूपदर्शनयोग (Vishwaroopa Darshana Yoga), Verse 55
Verse 55 of 55
SANSKRIT TEXT
मत्कर्मकृन्मत्परमो मद्भक्तः सङ्गवर्जितः। निर्वैरः सर्वभूतेषु यः स मामेति पाण्डव।।11.55।।
TRANSLITERATION
mat-karma-kṛin mat-paramo mad-bhaktaḥ saṅga-varjitaḥ nirvairaḥ sarva-bhūteṣhu yaḥ sa mām eti pāṇḍava
Sanskrit Word Meanings
"Whoever works for Me, regards Me as the highest and is devoted to Me, free from attachment and without animosity towards any creature, they come to Me, O Arjuna."
"O son of Pandu, he who works for Me, accepts Me as the supreme goal, is devoted to Me, is devoid of attachment and free from enmity towards all beings—he attains Me."
"He who does all actions for Me, who regards Me as the Supreme, who is devoted to Me, who is free from attachment, who bears no enmity towards any creature, he comes to Me, O Arjuna."
"He who performs actions for Me, who regards Me as his supreme goal, who is devoted to Me, who is free from attachment, and who is free from hatred towards all beings—he attains Me, O son of Pandu!"
"He who does every action for My sake, to whom I am the final goal, who loves Me alone and hates no one—O My dearest son, only he can realize Me!"
"11.55 मत्कर्मकृत् does actions for Me? मत्परमः looks on Me as the Supreme? मद्भक्तः is devoted to Me? सङ्गवर्जितः is freed from attachment? निर्वैरः without enmity? सर्वभूतेषु towards all creatures? यः who? सः he? माम् to Me? एति goes? पाण्डव O Arjuna.Commentary This is the essence of the whole teaching of the Gita. He who practises this teaching will attain Supreme Bliss and Immortality. This verse contains the summary of the entire philosophy of the Gita.He who performs actions (duties) for the sake of the Lord? who consecrates all his actions to Him? who serves the Lord with his heart and soul? who regards the Lord as his supreme goal? who lives for Him alone? who works for Him alone? who sees the Lord in everything? who sees the whole world as the Cosmic Form of the Lord and therefore cherishes no feeling of hatred or enmity towards any creature even when great injury has been done by others to him? who has no attachment or love to wealth? children? wife? friends and relatives? and who seeks nothing else but the Lord? realises Him and enters into His Being. He becomes one with Him.Thus in the Upanishads of the glorious Bhagavad Gita? the science of the Eternal? the scripture of Yoga? the dialogue between Sri Krishna and Arjuna? ends the eleventh discourse entitledThe Yoga of the Vision of the Cosmic Form.,"